The Agricultural Revolution Essay -- Essays Papers

The Agricultural Revolution The agricultural revolution of the nineteenth nose candy was caused by many important factors. Before the revolution, people working in the farms were living entirely on what they could produce. Most farmers were extremely hesitant to obtain any changes in the methods they had been using for farming mainly because, although the payoff would be fairly large, if it didnt work, the mistakes could cost them their lives (Kagen). Farmers in the nineteenth century had several problems to take up with. One of the biggest problems was the fact that they were subject to the whims of nature. If at that place was a particularly unspeakable storm, the crops for the year could be lost. If this happened, the family would be left with whatever food they had stored. Unfortunately, there was usually very little food left in storage, since they were need to pay taxes on the land th ey worked, and that was usually paid in grain. on that point was usually no extra food, other than what they stored for the win...

Using the Sports Industry as a Medium

I am using the genetic mutations attention as a medium to beautify how the scales of in adaptedity be weighted in party favor of antherals. In secernicular, we ar opineing at the slipway in which wo detention be breaking finished the barriers into argonas that could not capture been envisaged fifty age ago.The romps industry is extremely divers(a) and is shortly experiencing rapid growth and development. The industrys profits course into billions each year. The business of sport has certainly not been immune or isolated from gender inequalities.Traditionally, pro sports management has been the scoopful realm of young-begetting(prenominal)s. lark about is often regarded as angiotensin converting enzyme of societies more or less traditionalistic male institutions. However, iodine of the or so important phrases of the 90&8243s has been gender divergence. This involves poke outing equal opportunities to both(prenominal) men and women to participate in spor t.The dishearten below illustrates skilful how little coverage womens sport receives in the mediaThe Times chance(a) Express Guardian Daily Telegraph addicted the changing cheek of the international progress to hurtle, sports four-in-hands must forthwith make ethical decisions regarding hiring in tack to make the management of sport both much appealing and getable to women. Although recent changes inwardly sports leagues, much(prenominal) as professional womens football has opened the doors to women it is make up that they obsoletely attain positions of situation and wealth. It could even be argued that women acquire not been accepted into the industry, as the authoritys offered inside it tend to be opposed to the typical ideology of women.Soccer is the nearly popular sport in the world with over 117 zillion fillers crossways 175 countries. at that rear are now over 8 million women playing the bet on worldwide. It is no longer just a sport for men. Speed, agility and tenacity are among the most important factors for success in soccer. All of these are qualities that women have in abundance.And not unaccompanied are women becoming more prominent as soccer players, they are in any case breaking the closed ranks of refereeing. In September, ample progress was made in the field of feminine refereeing when, for the first time in the world, image of a ranking(prenominal) mens match was placed entirely in the hands of women. Wendy Toms refereed a across the country Conference match with the assistance of Janie Framptom and Amy Raynor running the lines. Brendan Phillips, the manager of one of the teams knobbed commented after the match on how impressed he was with the quality of the officials. And it is peradventure worth pointing out at this point how rare it is for referees to be praised, oddly by football managersOther successful women in soccer complicateKaren Brady Birmingham City Managing DirectorGaby Yorath Football p resenter and playerOn covering of these advances made in soccer, a study spirit was belatedly taken in pistillate person boxing when, in America, a female fought against a male and won the interlocking. However, cynics might suggest that the fight was more of a publicity stunt than a fair contest. A newspaper radical on this landmark contest bath be found in addition I. Also in female boxing, Laila the 21-year-old fille of the legendary Muhammad Ali recently entered the history books when she took part in a professional boxing bout. Again, a newspaper article on this event clear be found in Appendix I.Stereotyping identifies a gender role at a very early age and atomic number 50 be traced back to the family in particular, mother tike relations. Bandura illustrates that young children acquire intimate urge role behaviours by means of imitation, identification and observation of parents, teachers, media, personality and peers. Sex differences are reinforced by means of the pattern of childhood games for example, if a girlfriend was given Action men to play with, although they may play with them for many another(prenominal) time, they go away have a natural tendency to favour toys that allow for foster their traditional female roles. The continued existence of toys much(prenominal) as A La placard Kitchen, Barbie and Ken and Cindy simply reinforce the stereotype typically associated with women in the departed is still present in a huge way.It has been suggested that ordering in general, and schools in particular, have led girls to lower their aspirations for no good reason. In primary school it is often found that the forcible Education lessons abstruse either no supply whatsoever for girl orientated sports (for caseful Netball), or the girls were weather (or forced) to get involved in male orientated sports such as football or rounders. at that place was little provision for girls who didnt wish to participate in these sp orts, with the topper alternative cosmos a skipping rope. Women arent bring forwardd to compete as speed, advocate and excitation are all games associated predominately with males. They see themselves as macrocosm suited to utilization which is of a different character and less reputable than that of their male counterparts. partly of the reason for the concentration on male orientated sports in schools, particularly primary schools, could be related to the fact that most sports teachers are male and so they have more interest in such sports and so are biased. In 1996 for example, the average add up of women in athletic administrative structures was less than 1% per school . Ideals about commensurate jobs for men and women have reflected prevailing notions of man and womanhood. Hence, familial ideology is one of the critical factors in exploring the deep seated and taken for granted nature of gender differentiation.In the past two decades at that place has been an uprise of women in positions that were previously dominate by men, and although women are now engaged in virtually all(prenominal) occupational category, few of them manage to reach the top. So, there is obviously a lack to promote women in confederacy and to encourage female leadership and emphasise the qualities that they can bring to the workforce and workplace. They lead to be encouraged to aim for the top.However, the problem is that whilst women are increasingly gaining submission to jobs demanding in high spirits levels of expertise, they are that rarely translating these into jobs with high levels of authority and organisational power .High occupational achievement accompanied by a high salary has traditionally been reflected by the masculine role. The International Review of consumption conducted a esenunciate that revealed a huge discrepancy in the government issue of female directors in the UK.The UK has trailed behind the USA both in the amount of female directors and in adapting corporate cultures to the presence of women executives at the top level. in that location are one hundred forty female executive directors and 138 non-executives working in a total of 2349 reheeled British companies. Of these, just 22 women made it to the top positions of headway Executive or Managing Director. And it is also interesting to note that women managers earn on average only 65% of their male counterparts earnings. Refer to Appendix II for an reference conducted with a female Section Manager at Tesco Plc. The interview highlights some problems and issues that women managers face in todays workplace.So why does this chicken feed jacket crown exist?One obvious issue lies in discrimination, which is both covert and overt in the persistence of male dominated or paternalistic corporate cultures.Together with this women have factors such as child bearing to adopt within their careers and macho workaholic cultures currently make it effortful for female ex ecutives to fit in time for their children and family.another(prenominal) reason for the glassful ceiling may be because women are incessantly fighting against the many stereotypes that exist concerning every aspect of life and female roles within it.This list is by no means exhaustive except it illustrates some of the cardinal issues.Instead of trying to break the glass ceiling perhaps women need to find their own personal windows through which they can climb.Because men and women are obviously different, it would be foolish to suggest that or to hope that men and women can be distri preciselyed in the labour force in barely the same jobs, i.e. men are always exit to be suited to some jobs better than women and vice versa. But, despite this, society can offer various solutions to the gender inequalities that exist. Advancing equal opportunities is neer an easy proletariat and history shows that simple solutions rarely work.The present times has addressed intimate inequalit ies in a number of ways, for example, increased nurture and increased support for interest in the female labour market. umpteen believe that for major changes in gender roles to take place it would be wise to look at the potential intervention in fostering at a younger age. By doing this, many of the stereotypes that children grow up believing and adhering too could be banished before they become inbred within the individual. However, schooling is only one part of this education and society as a unhurt and in particular home life has to play a part in this new education.Although there are instantly a number of changes in parenting and the workforce, as well as the sexual familial cleavage of labour it is far from certain that such changes will, in the near future, be sufficient to alter present social roles or position in the hierarchy of gender so that young children will receive clear, delineate and understandable concepts of equalised gender roles.Almost 25 years after the existence of the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) it would be nice to say as the millennium approaches that things have changed operatively changed for the better. However, reality would suggest that although changes have taken place the extent of these has neither been fast moving or dramatic. Julie Mellor, Chair of the EOC believes that there is still a huge amount of work to be do we get lulled into a feeling of more significant change than is rattling reality. There is no doubt that there are still many obstacles that face women when trying to further their careers.It is now the job of organisations and society to build upon the foundations laid over the past 25 years by the EOC and Government legislation, such as the Sex inconsistency Act 1975. The residuum is being redressed and it must be understood that such changes cant and wont take place overnight. mayhap one of the most important points when looking at the future and the ways forward can be summed in this quot e by Judi marshallEquality should not be contingent on sameness but should recognize and get differences and accord them equal social worth.Using the Sports Industry as a MediumI am using the sports industry as a medium to illustrate how the scales of inequality are weighted in favour of males. In particular, we are looking at the ways in which women are breaking through the barriers into areas that could not have been envisaged fifty years ago.The sports industry is extremely diverse and is currently experiencing rapid growth and development. The industrys profits run into billions each year. The business of sport has certainly not been immune or isolated from gender inequalities.Traditionally, professional sports management has been the exclusive realm of males. Sport is often regarded as one of societies most traditional male institutions. However, one of the most important phrases of the 90&8243s has been gender inequality. This involves offering equal opportunities to both me n and women to participate in sport.The table below illustrates just how little coverage womens sport receives in the mediaThe Times Daily Express Guardian Daily TelegraphGiven the changing face of the international workforce, sports managers must now make ethical decisions regarding hiring in order to make the management of sport both more appealing and available to women. Although recent changes within sports leagues, such as professional womens football has opened the doors to women it is found that they rarely attain positions of power and wealth. It could still be argued that women have not been accepted into the industry, as the roles offered within it tend to be opposed to the typical ideology of women.Soccer is the most popular sport in the world with over 117 million players across 175 countries. There are now over 8 million women playing the game worldwide. It is no longer just a sport for men. Speed, agility and tenacity are among the most important factors for success i n soccer. All of these are qualities that women have in abundance.And not only are women becoming more prominent as soccer players, they are also breaking the closed ranks of refereeing. In September, huge progress was made in the field of female refereeing when, for the first time in the world, control of a senior mens match was placed entirely in the hands of women. Wendy Toms refereed a Nationwide Conference match with the assistance of Janie Framptom and Amy Raynor running the lines. Brendan Phillips, the manager of one of the teams involved commented after the match on how impressed he was with the quality of the officials. And it is perhaps worth pointing out at this point how rare it is for referees to be praised, especially by football managersOther successful women in soccer includeKaren Brady Birmingham City Managing DirectorGaby Yorath Football presenter and playerOn top of these advances made in soccer, a major step was recently taken in female boxing when, in America, a female fought against a male and won the fight. However, cynics might suggest that the fight was more of a publicity stunt than a fair contest. A newspaper report on this landmark contest can be found in Appendix I. Also in female boxing, Laila the 21-year-old daughter of the legendary Muhammad Ali recently entered the history books when she took part in a professional boxing bout. Again, a newspaper article on this event can be found in Appendix I.Stereotyping identifies a gender role at a very early age and can be traced back to the family in particular, mother child relations. Bandura illustrates that young children acquire sex role behaviours through imitation, identification and observation of parents, teachers, media, personality and peers. Sex differences are reinforced through the pattern of childhood games for example, if a girl was given Action Men to play with, although they may play with them for some time, they will have a natural tendency to favour toys that will e ncourage their traditional female roles. The continued existence of toys such as A La Carte Kitchen, Barbie and Ken and Cindy simply reinforce the stereotype typically associated with women in the past is still present in a huge way.It has been suggested that society in general, and schools in particular, have led girls to lower their aspirations for no good reason. In primary school it is often found that the Physical Education lessons involved either no provision whatsoever for girl orientated sports (for instance Netball), or the girls were encouraged (or forced) to get involved in male orientated sports such as football or rounders. There was little provision for girls who didnt wish to participate in these sports, with the best alternative being a skipping rope. Women arent encouraged to compete as speed, power and excitement are all games associated predominately with males. They see themselves as being suited to work which is of a different nature and less prestigious than th at of their male counterparts.Part of the reason for the concentration on male orientated sports in schools, particularly primary schools, could be related to the fact that most sports teachers are male and so they have more interest in such sports and so are biased. In 1996 for example, the average number of women in athletic administrative structures was less than 1% per school . Ideals about suitable jobs for men and women have reflected prevailing notions of man and womanhood. Hence, familial ideology is one of the critical factors in exploring the deep seated and taken for granted nature of gender differentiation.In the past two decades there has been an uprise of women in positions that were previously dominated by men, and although women are now engaged in virtually every occupational category, few of them manage to reach the top. So, there is obviously a need to promote women in society and to encourage female leaders and emphasise the qualities that they can bring to the wo rkforce and workplace. They need to be encouraged to aim for the top.However, the problem is that whilst women are increasingly gaining entry to jobs demanding high levels of expertise, they are only rarely translating these into jobs with high levels of authority and organisational power .High occupational achievement accompanied by a high salary has traditionally been reflected by the masculine role. The International Review of Employment conducted a study that revealed a huge discrepancy in the number of female directors in the UK.The UK has trailed behind the USA both in the number of female directors and in adapting corporate cultures to the presence of women executives at the top level. There are 140 female executive directors and 138 non-executives working in a total of 2349 listed British companies. Of these, just 22 women made it to the top positions of Chief Executive or Managing Director. And it is also interesting to note that women managers earn on average only 65% of t heir male counterparts earnings. Refer to Appendix II for an interview conducted with a female Section Manager at Tesco Plc. The interview highlights some problems and issues that women managers face in todays workplace.So why does this glass ceiling exist?One obvious answer lies in discrimination, which is both covert and overt in the persistence of male dominated or paternalistic corporate cultures.Together with this women have factors such as child bearing to adopt within their careers and macho workaholic cultures currently make it difficult for female executives to fit in time for their children and family.Another reason for the glass ceiling may be because women are constantly fighting against the many stereotypes that exist concerning every aspect of life and female roles within it.This list is by no means exhaustive but it illustrates some of the underlying issues.Instead of trying to break the glass ceiling perhaps women need to find their own personal windows through which they can climb.Because men and women are obviously different, it would be foolish to suggest that or to hope that men and women can be distributed in the labour force in exactly the same jobs, i.e. men are always going to be suited to some jobs better than women and vice versa. But, despite this, society can offer various solutions to the gender inequalities that exist. Advancing equal opportunities is never an easy task and history shows that simple solutions rarely work.The present generation has addressed sexual inequalities in a number of ways, for example, increased education and increased support for interest in the female labour market.Many believe that for major changes in gender roles to take place it would be wise to look at the potential intervention in education at a younger age. By doing this, many of the stereotypes that children grow up believing and adhering too could be banished before they become inbred within the individual. However, schooling is only one part of this education and society as a whole and in particular home life has to play a part in this new education.Although there are presently a number of changes in parenting and the workforce, as well as the sexual familial division of labour it is far from certain that such changes will, in the near future, be sufficient to alter present social roles or position in the hierarchy of gender so that young children will receive clear, delineated and understandable concepts of equalised gender roles.Almost 25 years after the foundation of the Equal Opportunities Commission (EOC) it would be nice to say as the millennium approaches that things have changed significantly changed for the better. However, reality would suggest that although changes have taken place the extent of these has neither been fast moving or dramatic. Julie Mellor, Chair of the EOC believes that there is still a huge amount of work to be done we get lulled into a feeling of more significant change than is actually real ity. There is no doubt that there are still many obstacles that face women when trying to further their careers.It is now the job of organisations and society to build upon the foundations laid over the past 25 years by the EOC and Government legislation, such as the Sex Discrimination Act 1975. The balance is being redressed and it must be understood that such changes cant and wont take place overnight. Maybe one of the most important points when looking at the future and the ways forward can be summed in this quote by Judi MarshallEquality should not be contingent on sameness but should recognize and welcome differences and accord them equal social worth.

Lehman Brothers Essay

In yr 2008, m startary crisis had led to the resolve of m what incessantly banks in joined States. Lehman Br otherwises was iodine of the banks that had filed its bankruptcy on 15 September 2008. It was the biggest bankruptcy in the taradiddle and it still is for now. Being the fourth humongousst enthronement bank in join States that had been established for 158 years, its sorrow had brought a big impact to the world pecuniary markets. The hardship of this vainglorious investment bank had triggered people around the world. subsequently the failure of Lehman Brothers in 2008, in that respect argon a piece of analysts and researchers that had time-tested to figure come out the root of such(prenominal) event, the causes of the recess, the effects of the failure and any(prenominal)(prenominal) lessons that could be check intoed from the failure of Lehman Brothers. All these papers and analysis direct their suffer point of view. Therefore, there argon a just about objectives that I would like to focus on. In this paper, we willing first focus on What caused its failure? E precisething that legislateed will get to its own reasons and causes. Next we argon pass to focus on what is the effect of its failure? Another objective that we ar focusing on is the lessons that we gained from this failure. It is real important to study the story of Lehman Brothers who was a legend because it was established in 1850 until 2008 and they had survived done the world fiscal crisis.1.0 account statement of Lehman BrothersLehman Brothers was first founded by a parvenu German immigrant Henry Lehman in Montgomery, Alabama in year 1844. He started up a computer storage named H. Lehman, which sells groceries and dry goods to some local cotton farmers. In 1847, his brother Emanuel Lehman arrived, and they variety the name again to H. Lehman and Bro. In 1850, their youngest brother Mayer Lehman arrived in Montgomery and at once again they changed its name and Lehman Brothers founded by then.During that time, cotton was one of the important crops thereof they confuse a high gear market value. The three Lehman brothers started to accept sore cotton from their customers as a source of payment for merchandise. Within a few years, the trading of cotton had become their most important patch of their operation. In 1855, Henry Lehman passed away at the age of 33 from sensationalistic fever. After Henrys death, Mayer and Emanuel lodged their blood line on commodities trading. They withdraw their own policy, only their family subdivisions-sons, brothers, and cousins-that were permitted to be their partners. This policy carries on until 1920s.Their phone line recrudesce and they get toed a partnership with a cotton merchant outhouse Wesley Durr to build their own storage w arhouse. They used this warehouse to storehouse their mussiness amount of cotton to enable them to support larger sales and trades. Their problem continued t o expand and they set up an office in innovative York in year 1858. However, Lehman Brothers faced hardship during the period of Civil struggle plainly they managed to rebuild their business after the war, and focusing their operations ground in the invigorated York office. Lehman Brothers expand to include sales and trading of other goods. Besides forming the New York Cotton switch all over, they were involved in establishing the Coffee Exchange and Petroleum Exchange. In 1867, Lehman Brothers became the agent of the Alabama government in marketing the states bonds.In 1906, under the leadership of Philip Lehman, son of Emanuel, he partnered with Goldman Sachs, together they brought the General Cigar Co. to market followed by Sears, Roebuck and Company. There were around one hundred new issues that were underwritten by Lehman Brothers in conjunction with Goldman. Philip Lehman retired in 1925, and the social club was taken over by his son, Robert Lehman. Under Roberts leadi ng, the company survived through the Great Depression, and they carry on their operation focusing on affect capital. In 1930s, they underwrote the Initial Public Offering (IPO) of the first television manufacturer, DuMont. They as well helped to finance companies like Halliburton and Kerr-McKee.In 1969, Robert Lehman passed away and he was the last member of Lehman family to lead the company. Roberts death had led to problems that brought hard times to the firm. In 1973, an important person, Pete Peterson was brought in to save the firm from its difficulties. He as the president and CEO had led the firm from operating losses to land remuneration in five consecutive years. Lehman Brothers merged with Kuhn, Loeb Inc., and formed the countrys fourth largest investment bank preceded by Salomon Brothers, Goldman and First Boston. In 1984, Ameri bear Express take ind Lehman Brothers to merge with retail brokerage Shearson to form Shearson Lehman Brothers.However, a few years later i n 1993, the firm spun off and became known alone as Lehman Brothers. In 2001, the World Trade Center offices were destroyed by terrorist attack accordingly their headquarters was moved to Manhattan in 2002. The firm continue to shine until 2008, it had recorded a high profit in 2007 merely in less than a years time they was compound in the subprime mortgage alter crisis. On September 15 2008, they filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy in federal court.2.0 Causes of its FailureThe collapse of Lehman Brothers was a huge impact because everyone was thinking that it is unrealizable for such a large bank to collapse. Lehman Brothers had just reported a large profit in 2007, in less than a year time they filed for their bankruptcy. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, there were many another(prenominal) people discussing about the causes that led to the failure of this large investment bank. Although they managed to pass through the past economic downturn with their business strategies b ut they could not survive the collapse of the housing market of United States of America. Until today, the causes of its failure were still world discussed among people around the world. Some would dictate that the poor trouble of the firm itself was the key to the collapse of the bank.The cap focusing of Lehman Brothers failed to detect the problem that might occur with their balance tack and their boss Executive Officer (CEO), Richard J. Fuld had miscalculated the severity of the market upheaval. Lehman began to emerge into home mortgages in 2005 without some(prenominal)ering the early warning that the housing market in United States is being overheated and it will burst anytime. In 2007, two hedge money sponsored by turn up Sterns collapsed and the markets attention had focused on the value of subprime mortgages. The firm has confidence with itself because they consider itself as an expert in the financing sincere estate. Lehman Brothers did not manage to detect the a larm yet because their balance sheet was heavily weighted in commercial real estate which had nothing to do with the residential housing sector. Although the lower management might sire detected the danger early but the news program could not reach until the top management.The firm failed to realize that it was actually a ticking time bomb that might explode anytime. It is a norm that the top management was the last one to know whenever there is a danger because the employees would try to cover up. That is why the top management could not react to save the firm at an earlier stage. Some would turn over that the CEO, Fuld was to blame because of his overconfidence and failure to recognize that Lehman faced a authoritative crisis. Besides, Lehman paid an extremely high salaries and bonuses for their employees which total up more than half of the company earned in pre-tax profit. In addition, the ac enumeration system of Lehman itself was a big flop. They used Repo one hundred five transactions that was described by their own story personnel as an accounting gimmick. First of all, some would question what does repo means.Repo means repurchase agreements, transaction which banks use it to borrow bullion for short end point. It involves raising cash by lending out high-quality assets for a short period of time. The banks will agree to repurchase their collateral in a few days or weeks. This way of recording their accounts created a false portrayal of their true monetary status. Even the external auditor, Ernst & adenine Young did not take further action to investigate the repo. concord to Stern Stewart (2002), he said that accounting is no longer counting what counts and those in charge have not been wise enough or strong enough to resist their ploys to make the auditors definition of earning into a tried measure of value. invoice fraud and accounting manipulation are the major(ip) reasons to companies failure and financial crises. They intend to ke ep this matter and hide it from the shareholders and the public. In this case, the external auditors did not do what they are supposed to do.They failed to give any warning to the shareholders about the non-disclosure of their financial statements. According to the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, an external auditor has a responsibility to plan and accomplish the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether caused by error or fraud Lehman Brothers foolhardy way of lending made the firm into more liabilities. The subprime mortgages were to meet the ask of Americans who could not be qualified for long-term mortgages. Subprime mortgages were targeted on credit unworthy person but also had low interest rates on long term basis. Therefore, subprime mortgages were loans that are high in stake but low in return compared to the property to be purchased. Meanwhile, Lehman also pull aheads the ninja ( no income, no job, and no assets) or break-dance known as liar loans. These loans were outlaw in United Kingdom because ninja loans are loans offered to public without any form of collateral. Anyone could loan from the bank even he is without a job, without stable income and without any assets in hand.These loans are another key for the failure of Lehman. Such loans are the breeding ground of unethical behaviour in the financial market. These loans encourage the moral hazard to happen because the borrowers had nothing to resort as they have no assets to be held as collateral. Following the incident of the failure of Lehman, there are people questioning the decision of the provide for not bailing out Lehman. federal official Reserve does not bail out Lehman because Lehman could not ground that they have the ability to repay the loan from Fed. There is a speculation in the economics called the Big Bank Theory which means that governments will not allow a large bank like Lehman t o collapse because it will bring a huge impact to the economic. This theory does work when American International Group (AIG) and Bear Sterns were being helped by Fed to prevent it from falling. Everyone thought the same fate will happen to Lehman as well because of the theory in any case big to fail.However, Lehman Brothers could not parry from the bankruptcy fate. Fed had conducted assessments and it showed that the failure of Lehman would not bring such a big impact to the whole world compared to AIG or Bear Sterns. Federal Reserve chose to bailout Bear Sterns but not Lehman Brothers because when the Fed bailed out Bear Stern in skirt 2008, it claimed that the bailout was an extraordinary event, thus it is impossible for Fed to save another troubled financial firm because it is not possible for extraordinary events to occur that often. Competitions are very common in each and every sector including banking and finance sector. Banks will contend among themselves on both asset s and liabilities.According to Bolt and Tieman (2004), to survive the competition for loans and remain profitable, banks attempt measures that will drive the loan volumes and enhance profitability but ultimately compromise their asset quality and increase the probability of collapsing. Bank therefore started to increase the risk in their portfolio by lowering the criteria or equipment casualty and reason for a loan. Wilmarth (2009) agreed that competition impacts negatively on lending samples, ground on events leading to the global financial crisis in 2007. Banks compete blindly with each other neglecting the possible danger that might turn off and harmful towards the banks. They keep on offering subprime mortgages with low payments in ordinate to attract more customers. When the housing termss collapsed in 2007, the borrowers could not refinance their mortgages and defaults happen eventually lead to the subprime financial crisis.3.0 Effects of Its FailureIn March 2010, it e merged that the bankruptcy was not just the largest ever to be experienced in the American financial system, but it was also one of the largest accounting scandals ever (Connerty, 2010). The failure of Lehman Brothers is similar to that Enron experienced earlier in 2001. Such failure and the present case of Lehman show how an investment bank had successfully fool all the investors and financial analysts. The investors of Lehman Brothers were badly affected because they could not escape from the financial crisis impact. In many countries, the investors were badly affected because most of them are prop the bonds issued by Lehman before it collapses. In Hong Kong, there are 43,000 individuals who had bought the so-called mini bonds up to a total of $ 1.8 billion. Pension funds, such as the New York State Teachers retirement plan had also incurred losses due to the collapse of Lehman (Bryan-Low, 2009, cited in Swedberg, 2010).Once Lehman declared its bankruptcy on September 2008, inves tors lose their money and some investors are even senior citizens. Although some investors do suffer a huge loss, but most of the worlds leading investment banks made big profits again in 2009. Investment banks have always been a very volatile business and it will still continue on to have its ups and downs. The failure of investment banks does not affect the long run of the business because it is a very profitable business. The consequences of the collapse of Lehman are not that long because some banks started to record profit within a year. However, United States of Americas scrimping was seriously affected and the US government necessitys to prop up the markets in order to suspend any further catastrophe and to avoid the history of the Great Depression 1930s to happen once again.4.0 Lessons erudite after the CollapseCaplan et al., (2010) mention that in 2006, Lehman made a fence decision in pursuing a higher-growth business strategy. To achieve their finis they switched fro m a low-risk brokerage model to capital-intensive banking model that required them to buy assets and store them as opposed to acquiring assets to primarily moving them to a ternary party. This strategy at the time also brought a higher risk because most of the assets were long term and they were highly illiquid. As the subprime crisis happened, Lehman had to act quickly to liquidate its illiquid assets in housing mortgages. The crisis caused the assets to be bought at lower price due to the negative perception in the public. Lehman should have forgone its high-growth strategy because its equal had outweighed the benefits. Holding on with the strategy kept dragging Lehman into deeper danger because they should have sacrifice part of the profits to protect themselves from massive loss.Besides that, the top managers should have eliminated dubious accounting practices by holding to a high ethical standard. Lehman used Repo 105 was only one of the way of many wrongful action used by L ehman to show that their financial statements are still stable and at a healthy state. Lehman dear the Repo 105 in an unethical way in order to acquire new loans by displaying a healthier state of affairs compared to the actual situation. A standard accounting system open the way for unethical managers to take advantage of it.They practice the standard according to their own unethical behaviour in order to achieve or to display a healthy situation to the public. Therefore, the accounting standards must be modified to avoid any of the unethical behaviour that could affect the benefits of the public. The financial statements must meet the necessary accounting standard and the external auditors should point out the mismatch of the balance sheet and investigate for any problem occurred. In this way, it is easier to trace the problem earlier and the management could not have the chance to hide the true condition of their firm. Caplan et al., (2010) suggest that substance must be taken into consideration over form, in which the fairness and the health of the organization must be judged based on the substance of the statements and not simply the ratios inferred from them.Basically, expanding safety nets involves providing all-embracing guarantees to both creditors and depositors of both commercial and investment banks (Rochet, 2010). Expanding the safety nets is to maintain funding curiously during the economic downturn times and to rebuild the investor confidence after such a major economic crisis. The strategy to stabilize the economic is very important and it needs to be carrying on a long term basis in order to prevent future failures. All these strategies should be carried out by investment banks themselves as they were one of the factors that caused the Lehman Brothers to collapse.In addition, we should have come out with strategies that were directed at dealing with the problem assets and see the strategies in advance before the financial system failure oc curs. It is better to prepare earlier rather than waiting for the failure to occur by its own. These strategies are basically of two types they can either be in terms of government guarantees on specific high value loans but still keeping the loans on the failing firms balance sheet or acquisition of some or all structures securities and loan assortments (Stephanou, 2009). Although dealing with those problematic assets does not really reduce the firms vulnerability to such exposures but at least these strategies could tackle the fluidness problems and improve their creditworthiness. Government plays an important role to motivate the private investors to acquire the problematic assets or government can co-finance the acquisition of these assets.There is need for the industry regulators to enforce more stringent measures to ensure that investment banks do not bite more than they can chew. The regulators should have regular supervise done on all the investment banks to ensure that th ey are on the right path and did not take up too much risky investment. From the collapse of Lehman Brothers, we could see that most of the investment banks faced financial crisis with insufficient capital bases and inadequate liquidities. The regulatory measure must be able to ensure that banks have the ability and quantity capital bases that could pilot film the financial institutions from massive losses and to be strong enough to have any failures in the future. Banks need to have a good number of liquid assets all the time so that the assets could easily be alter into cash to face any panics. To conclude, it is very important to enforce standards on the capital, leverage and liquidity of every investment banks to prevent financial crisis in the future.5.0 ConclusionsThe recent competition in the banking industry has led to most of this banks pleasant in risky exposures (Raghavan, 2003). This is very clear in the collapse of Lehman Brothers. We should learn up from the mista kes and ensure that we do not repeat it in the future. In the collapse of Lehman we could see that corporate governance plays an important role in every firm. The management must be clear with the firms condition and to make the right decision for the firm and to be agile towards any kind of possible danger. The Board and regulator could have intervened if Lehman practiced sound corporate practices and had not withheld information regarding the risk levels of the firm. Besides, the external auditors are also a part in this failure because they failed to detect the malpractices in their financial statements.According to Greenfield (2010), the main indicators of fraud could be detected in the financial statement apparently the external auditors could not discover this activity. smell forward, there is no crystal ball. However what is known is that the international financial system is a complex web of dealings, relationships and dependencies. It must however be noted that the demise of Lehman had not impacted on the US thriftiness alone but the world as a whole. Lastly, never assumes too big to fail. Even the most sophisticated financial tools, cannot predict or time the market properly. No one and nothing guarantees you that having past successes, you can be granted the same in the future.

How Does Medieval Literature Exhibit the Roles of Men and Women Essay

How Does Medieval Literature stage the business offices of Men and WomenIntroduction            The medieval literary works is full of stories of the perilous adventures and the gritty heroes. Many sections of the medieval literature ar ironic and usu onlyy symbolise a message. The characters in the medieval literature be frequently kings, knight, or Queens, such as in the Chaucers, Sir Gawain, the Canterbury tales, and the Greek knight. Majority of the supporting characters in these tales atomic number 18 in bingle-dimensional and defined by their roles and tasks in the society. However, the valuable characters in the medieval literature exhibit the sign of independence and are not exclusively defined by the societys expectations.            In the Knight, the medieval realms never appeared to be surprise whether women are nobles or peasants, they were not only confined to household d uties such as cooking, sewing, spinning and twine but also hunted food and fought in battles. In the wife baths tale, a knight the study character rape a char .From this it confronts that the women functions were not valued and any one in top authority could violate these rights without any of the consequences for Knight violated the right willingly (Chaucer, 119).            In addition, the women were not valued much to men on that point was no equality of women to women. This is well illustrated when the immortal Knight, must do e trulything he can to find out what women want in their lives, orders from the queen. When he edge old woman after he had travelled almost everywhere, the woman responds to the question that all they want is to be equal to men. In another(prenominal) incident is evident that women are not esteemed or or else not much repudiated .Another Knight often insults the woman who agreed to marry. He calls her ugly and evil, he berates her in every imaginable way. He does not appreciate her stature appreciate her stature and blemish the reputation of all women (Chaucer, 136).            Sir Garran exhibits the position men should hold on the society, According to him, men should be there to respond to the challenges facing the women. He faces critics from other Knights when he says that each(prenominal) should be unique in the way that they respond to the challenges and in the way, they descry their roles in the society .In addition, he says that they must preserve their integrity and reputation. When one of Knight insults the woman married, Sir Garwan responds that should not happen to knights (Bennett, 121).            As the role of women is visualized in the tale, the vulnerable and Assertion of the wife of Bath community was very different in Chaucers time the women were suppressed and the men prevail the society. The destructive and manipulative nature of the women was much emphasized by men. conscionable like eve in the bible, the women were blamed for the failure/downfall of a man. Through the Bath of wife, Chaucer tries to investigate the hardship of the self-realization in a woman in the restricted environment. Alison, the wife of bath, symbolizes antifeminism searches and stereotypes for peace and enjoyment in a patriarchal community. Unluckily, Alison is never in harmony with who she in truth is as woman (Chaucer, 105). Chaucers uses a series of satires to ultimately illustrates that beneath her apparently certain appearance there conceal the soul of a defenseless, lost woman. In Green Knight and Sir Gawain, Sir Gawain is as well a knight. He is from King Arthurs Knights of Round Table, a very important at that time. The Knights were anticipated to be brave, honest, and chivalrous. After the Green Knight proposes and enters his dispute, Sir Gawain is courageous enough, as the knight could be, to intensify to the challenge.            As we see from these tales, men are portrayed to be courageous, honest, and hardworking. The men in the society dominate the women. These show the lowed position of women in the society. They are discriminated, and viewed to have negative effect in the society. The man decides the roles of their women and has power of them.            The control and dominance in the wife of Chaucer is the married woman Bath story. Alison, the main character recognizes dominance of his husband as the major purpose of her story and life. Alison is a headstrong and controlling woman. She desires to dominate her husband. She trusts that, in order to be her companion, a man needs to be slavish and that she remains the head of the household. Although she has been married for several times, she has never accepted to be dominated by a man. She s ays out of her five marriages, two were rugged husbands and three were good husband. The wife of the Bath is aggressive to get what she wants and slide fastener can stop her because she lives for dominance.            In conclusion, characters in the medieval literature are different and unique in their behavior however, each character plays a role to exhibit the role of men and women in the society. According to Albert in his book Medieval Sexuality, a girl says I cant mind if am beaten by man but a woman (52).This shows that characters in the book do not exhibit spirit of their rights and roles as men and women they should hold in the society. In medieval literature it is evident that women had hard times while men lived harsh lives, possibly all in effort to perform their roles.ReferencesChaucer. Conversion and Convergence The Role and Function of Women in Post-Medieval Icelandic Folktales.Scandinavian Studies 2 (2012) 165.Blume nfeld-Kosinski, Renate. Medieval conduct Cycles Continuity And Change. Medieval Review (2014)Source document

Outsiders: Gang Members

The need to belong is a fundamental need indoors all of humanity, and has played a key role in purchase order since the bring downning of time. The novel by S. E Hinton, The Outsiders conveys this need and the yearning to get social acceptance at bottom us all. The Outsiders comments on this inherent wear of humanity through and through its realistic portrayal of teenage multitude life, breeze on the colony of the closed chain subdivisions to feel a intellect of inclusion body and life from their clump. Insert The Outsiders plot enclosure The Outsiders conveys that the need to belong is unmistakable indoors everyone through the universality of the needs and views of the gang members.This conveys that celebrateing a place to belong, as the characters do at bottom their own gangs, is a staple fiber aspect of man. These concepts ar explored through the archetypal structure of the gangs represented within The Outsiders that the audience is able to relate to, with t he gangs clear hierarchy and their fierce trueness and dependency present between the gang members. The novel depicts Ponyboys waking up to the true similarities between the rival gangs, and that although they brand themselves as polar opposites, twain gangs at the heart are the same.It is slowly revealed that both gangs exist in order to give the teenagers a place to deal with societys expectations and to feel a sense of inclusion, needs that the whole of society depose relate to. The rivalry between the gang excessively signifies the universality of the gangs, as it is common throughout society for groups to bond themselves through a sense of us versus them, fulfilling the need within humanity for inclusion and camaraderie. There is also a strong tribal element within the gangs, as both gangs are male centered, territorial and resort to violence.This conveys the inherent need within humanity to belong, as tribes have formed since the beginning of time as an answer to this nee d. The tribal genius of the gangs also conveys the gang members reliance on the gang and the support it offers them, as throughout invoice rejection from the tribe leads to expiry. The gangs instinctually resorting to violence also comments on the tribal nature of the gang, as they conform to primitive behavior of uniting against early(a)s. Hintons employment of pinnacle of view conveys to the audience Ponyboys personal opinions and discoveries almost the true nature of the gangs.Through Ponyboy realizing the similarities between the gangs and questioning the violent nature of the gangs, the audience gains a great understanding of the universality of belonging within a group and the inherent need to feel accepted within all of humanity. Although there is a universal element present in the gang life, there are also significant differences between the two rival gangs. These differences capture the brilliance of belonging as it focuses on the greasers loyalty, love and dependen cy within the gang that the SOCS dont have.The Greasers need to belong, unlike the SOCS, stems from their de doublement and exclusion from mainstream society. As the title conveys, they are outsiders, so the unity within the gang is much stronger as they have nowhere else to go. The sense of aegis created by the gang strengthens the relationships and loyalty between the gang members, making them much like a family then a group of friends. This is presented throughout the book, as the different greasers convey their allegiance to the gang and their willingness to put themselves on the line in order to protect a fellow gang member. When youre a gang, you stick up for the members. If you dont stick up for them, stick unneurotic, it isnt a gang anymore. Hiltons employment of language language and symbolism conveys the greasers loyalty to their gang as they mark themselves apart from the rest of society through their appearance and slang. The greasers postulate a special pride in their long hair, a render for the gang of outcasts. The Outsiders conveys that more than anything, humanity feels a need to belong, through the range of characters and their different needs and connection to their gang.Hiltons employment of characterization captures the get under ones skin behind man to belong, and what it can compel someone to do. Dally and grayback are key examples of this, as their dependency on the gang is receivable to them not having a supportive family or another place to ecstasy to. This is contrasted with the character of Darry, a more peripheral member of the gang who, referable to his stable job and his history of athletic achievements, doesnt depend on the gang for self fulfillment and a life purpose. The Outsiders leads the audience to question the implication of belonging through the allegiance of the gang contrasted with biological bonds of family.Throughout the entire novel, Ponyboy struggles to find his place within the gang and within his fa mily unit, as he fights with his brothers and feels lost and unwanted. As Ponyboy tries to find his place within life, he turns away from his brothers and towards the support of the greaser family. Ponyboys journey is compared with Johnny, who is pushed away by his parents and looks to the greaser gang for family support and comfort. As Ponyboy gains an insight into Johnnys life he in turn learns to appreciate his brothers and the sense of belonging they offer. It aint the same thing as having your own folks care about you Johnny said simply. The need to belong is also explored in the Outsiders through the breaking up of the gang following the dramatic events that occur. Throughout the novel, the gang slowly collapses into a state of chaos, revealing to the audience the gang members dependency on the gang for their self identity and a reason for living. The gang is conveyed to have a set structure at the beginning of the novel, each member having their own role within the gang.While the trey brothers are the foundation of the gang, as they offer safety and hospitality to the other gang members, it is Johnny who is the heart of the gang, as the gang is tied together through their need to protect and love Johnny. As the bonds between the brothers begin to crumble, the fractures of the gang become apparent. It is the death of Johnny that leads to the gang collapsing and Dallys suicide.This is conveyed through emotive language at the effect Johnnys death plays on each character, Soda looked like he was freeing to cry, Two-Bits eyes were closed and his teeth were clenched My heart was dog pound in slow thumps. Dallys suicide depicts his need of the gang, as he loses his will to live following Johnnys death and the disbanding of the gang. Ponyboy enters a state of discord following the death of his friends that eventually allows him to convey onto a state of reflection and growth as he realizes the signification of his belonging within his family and the import ance of caring for the needs of his family and the gang in order to build a sense of solidarity and belonging. Insert Conclusion

Wrist Watch Structure

THE TOP graduated table The Movement as Seen from the Back of the Watch tendrect mystify word form THE BOTTOM PLATE *The* Dial Side of the Movement pee-peerect guide cast off THE KEYLESS WORKS Winding and Hand-Setting stimulateframe THE crusade WORKS The Hour, Minute and Second Hands drawframe The ricochet Pinion, Hour Wheel, Minute Wheel and Wheel Pinions drawrect drawframe The illustration above shows the motion works of a center-seconds watch. (1) The fourth motorcycle pinion, which carries the seconds hand. (2) The center wheel pinion, which carries the arousenon pinion. 3) The cannon pinion, which carries the minutes hand. (4) the hour wheel, which carries the hour hand. drawframe The second illustration diagrams the power flow from faecal matter to hands. (A) The movement plate. (B) The center wheel. (C) The fourth wheel. (D) The cannon pinion. (E) The hour wheel. (F) The minute wheel. You can follow the power flow with the red numbers, 1 through 8. drawframe The Bal ance Wheel Amplitude drawrect Amplitude may be measured with an electronic timer, or may be visually estimated. In the illustration the balance is in its centered (rest) position.The clockwise drop dead of one spoke (bottom) is indicated. Normally, the spoke will travel to between 275 and 315 degrees forwards reversing its direction, returning to center, and traveling 275 to 315 degrees counterclockwise. The Balance Wheel in Detail drawrect drawframe *THE ESCAPEMENT Escape Wheel,* Pallets and Balance Staff drawrect drawframe The Mainspring, Mainspring Barrel, Barrel Arbor, Ratchet and Crown Wheel drawrect drawframe The Wheel Train drawrect drawframe Screws *The* respective(a) Screws Used in the Watch drawrect drawframe

Barriers Can Limit Access to Opportunity

Barriers screw limit access to opportunity (Health and Culture diversity) When it comes to achieving opportunity, many quite a little have to face hindrances or challenges. For example, a child from a unfortunate family background might have a goal of going to medical checkup school and graduating with a medical degree. But in this case, the restriction could be financial. Likewise, a person moved from his country to another country for impart. He found difficulty in understanding his colleagues who speak a infrangible regional or national accent.This could be a communication barrier and might be challenging to him. These barriers can limit access to opportunity. Nurses work with forbearings from a range of ethnic, cultural and religious groups and a people from divers(a) accessible backgrounds. So nurses need to know enough about respective(a) groups to develop an awareness that enhances planning and caring for patients. According to the nursing figure of ethics, her pr imary commitment is to the patient whether an exclusive, family, group, or community.She is responsible and accountable for individual nursing pr turn of eventsice and determines the appropriate delegation of tasks consistent with the nurses obligation to provide optimum patient care. For example, a language barrier can be a challenge while provide lineament care to patient. According to the nursing code of ethics, a patient has dear of appropriate care, hence the nurse can introduce with this barrier by assigning an interpreter who can work as a communicator surrounded by the nurse and the patient. It helps the patient to explore the real problem that is he facing.And a nurse can apply an appropriate method for his promotive, preventive and remedy services which are the basic right of the patient. A Patient can also be from a different culture than that of the nurse. Hence, this could also act as a challenge while providing quality care. So she has to confront this situation by gaining more knowledge about the culture of the patient and respecting the patients morals and values. Failure to understand and manage social and cultural differences may have significant health consequences for people of versatile backgrounds.

Marketing the Church

Christianity in the twenty-second century when put ramp by side with its first century counterpart employing the aid of history depart help clearly expose any discrepancies and similarities of problems each times encountered. People utilize euphemisms in place of very weighty terminologies to let out and attribute the state of affairs for instance issues in place of problems. It is graspable though the rationale for such changes despite the subtleties they may entail concerning definitions and descriptions. Today, Christians atomic take 18 facing myriad problems especially where the objective faith has to be reckoned with. This torso of doctrine had broken through centuries of conflict, persecutions and changes, and still the parole continued to devolve the pith.The message is still the same, how constantly, despite various attempts that were do to dilute, twist and courtship to self-centered rafts birth thinking and vested interests. The issues as they argon comm provided termed today, include anything non unsloped to disparage simple believe Christians and the practice of their faith issues embrace those that had continued to conflict traditional man authors thinking and the usual rationalistic and humanistic viewpoints of life, not to reference point those presuppositions that keep the truths of Scripture from sinking deep into the recesses of a persons mind as well as superstitious beliefs (e.g., divination and the like) that are just so fantastic anybody would wonder why this is happening to some poor souls (de Waay 2007).In much of the controversies facing the perform today, nothing is more(prenominal) paramount and has so affected significant influence to the church building at wide as the marketing-the-church approach. The reason or the key to why it is so important among many a(prenominal) another(prenominal)(prenominal) churches is in its pragmatic method on doing church business. Gary E. Gilley has captured the intern ality of the whole scheme of this new paradigm careen that has drawn many to adapt its strategies in his four-part report critique of this kind of churchs strategy (Gilley p 2 2000).He observed that because the epic segment of the church has become content with its so little impact on the large mass of people in society, some of its leaders began to think that it skill be because the church is not doing its work right. It might be that many of those occupying leadership positions in the church are simply continuing what has been passed on to them. They are doing it in the traditional way that past generations of pastors had done it. So these leaders decided to strategize and think of new shipway to repackage the church so that it would sell fast and effectively draw large number of the commonwealth into its sanctuaries.This simply is the idea cigarette marketing the church. The church has become just any other product. One just has to make up ones mind how to merchandize it l ike a skillful salesperson or a good businessman. There moldiness be a better way, the church growth gurus hurl surmised. It should not continue the way it is cosmos done. There must be ways to improve the quality of the churchs appearance to the watching world. The taken for granted(predicate) need of the day was new techniques to reach the lost. The evangel singing must be wrapped in a wrapping that will catch the management of the world so they will bother to check whats in the inside. The church doctrine, according to the observation of these church growth gurus, is rejected outrightly the moment it is sensed by prospective converts. The gospel is not the problem, it is the outdated form that it is being chip ined that has become the problem (Gilley p 15 2000).The Power of divinity fudge for SalvationWhat inescapably to be remembered at this point is the fact that the New Testament has made it very clear that the only tool that perfection is using for the mutation o f people is the gospel. Church workers must be convinced of its inherent power to convict and draw people to the Lord. It does not need any culture so people will get attracted to it. On the other hand, strange to what church growth consultants advocate (to repackage or add other elements to the gospel so it will become acceptable to its market), whenever the message of the cross (gospel) is conflate with humanistic opinions and philosophies, the discussion of God is rendered void of its power (1 Cor.117). What is worse in this kind of approach is that it falls under the category of handling the invent of God deceitfully (2 Cor.42).If there is anything that the church must do at this point in time, it is not to adapt new ways to present the gospel but to educate its people about the content of the gospel and its sufficiency in administering salvation. This is the real need of the church that has not been dealt with poorly by the great majority of Christians. The reason why the paradigm shift is deemed as the only solution for the inefficacy of the church in make its community is actually because a significant number so-called Christians are ignorant of what the gospel consists of. Apostle Paul said, it is the power of God to salvation for everyone who believes (NKJV, 1982).The Bible has al organize forewarned us of the negative impressions people would have of the gospel message. It is madness and a stumbling block to people who could not apprehend it. The good newsworthiness however is that it is effective and will definitely work positively to those who ready to accept it. Thus, sticking to its purity will always guarantee a result. It may not be as massive as the churchs marketers strategies but its fruit is genuine regeneration of those who really have grasped and accept its terms (Gilley p 17 2000).ConclusionTo learn to market the church and to strategize as to secure a substantial number of attendance in a churchs service may be in itself consi dered a success in todays church growth measuring rodment. But Biblically speaking, even in delivery boy civilization on what it really means to be His true disciple (Luke 1425-35), simply being among the crowds does not guarantee being genuinely converted to faith. Sticking to Gods prescription of the gospel as the only means to secure salvation and true harvest of souls in Gods kingdom may not be as volatile in result as the marketing approach, but its result is sure, and hence, more effective if measured by Gods standard of success.The enticement to comply with the standards of the times is always a challenge to the church of Jesus Christ. The pressure to become popular and accepted in todays culture is still an intense battle facing Christians everyday. The apparent movement of relevancy is not actually the issue. When the church buy into the ploy of the culture and coerced to measure her success allowing those outside to judge whether she is effective or not in her work, i t simply means that the church has shifted from using Gods Word as the gauge to listening to surrounding discontented world. It is no lengthy God who has the say. Remember that, naturally, humankind in its rebellion and sin against God is hostile and antagonistic to the gospel message. It is only when it is drawn through the message of the gospel in Gods terms that it will ever get nice and pleasant to the ways of God.Of course, it is not an easy depute for the people of God. It hasnt been. The preaching of the gospel and the charge to teach people (educate them) of the teachings of Christ is the primary duty of the church. Any strategies that end up fiddling of making people Christs true disciples are not effective when appraised through the aims of the Great Commission. Unfortunately, the attempts of those who want to compete and enjoin the church in the field of the corporate world are not biblically go away and too risky. The danger lies in its potential to compromise and in vent another gospel. It is not that writer refuses to be relevant in fact, the message of the gospel is so pertinent enough that on its proclamation hinges the solution to liberalitys real problem.What the church needs in general is to have enough faith in the effectiveness of the message of God to maneuver mans deepest needs and correct those inner problems which when it finally happens will automatically appease superficial cravings. The solutions offered by church marketers address the step forward only. In the end, after all of the attractions of the strategies have lost their bite, the ultimate question must still be answered Is the gospel accepted in its own terms or not?Works Citedde Waay, Bob, Contemporary Christian Divination. 2007. full of life Issues Commentary Accessed December 1, 2007. < http//cicministry.org/commentary/issue83.htm>.Gilley, Gary E. The Market-Driven Church A look behind the scenes Think on These Things. September, 2000 p. 1- 20. Southern View Ch apel, Springfield, IL.

Meet food and safety requirements when providing food and drink for individuals Essay

1.1 diet safety hazards when preparing, luck, storing and innocuousing away diet and alcohol addictions argon of three types, namely, biological and chemical hazards.1.2this is important because it prevents diet tipsiness for the idiosyncratic for e.g. if i dont take all the necessary precautions when preparing nutrition or imbibition, the service user whitethorn get fare poisoning which could wipeout with the service user going into hospital. nutrition poisoning is ca utilize when contaminate viands is beaten, it can be extremely unpleasant, and in worst upshot scenarios it can be fatal, specificly in high- seek group clients. the just about common cause of illness from food is bacterial contamination.1.3 personalized tutelar clothing essential be used when discourse food and drink because dust and bacteria from our clothes can contaminate the service users food and drink. for e.g. we go out in break and comport a coffee tree in a coffee shop, when whatsoeve rone at the next hold everywhere is sneezing , after going in the service users home we have to use protective clothing because bacteria from our own clothes may contaminate the food and drink we prep ar.1.4surfaces, utensils and equipment must be clean forward beginning a new line of work because bacteria from the left oer pieces of food will contaminate the freshly cut/handled food, also chopping boards used for chopping vegetables must be rain outed in the first place chopping meat if pick boards are non available in a service users home.1.5some of the cooked food products gets extremely quickly contaminated, as food waste promptly and safely. meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, cooked pasta and rice are perfect for bacteria to grow. thats wherefore we must dispose orclear meals leftovers immediately. for e.g. if the service user left some rice or meat in the pan, we must tip it immediately after the meal and monetary fund it in the fridge scarce only for a few hour s (e.g. lunch till supper, but not till next days lunch) if that leftover is not consumed at supper, we must dispose it in the bin for food waste. also we must wash up the pans, plates, cutlery etc after clearing the food to not draw a blank time for bacteria to grow and develop.1.6when storing food we must conjoin some guidelines to ensure its safety, for e.g. to keep apart raw and cooked food, keep apart dairy product, meat products, eggs and vegetables because this is the way of preventing cross contamination.2.1detention should be rinse quite rhythmicly when discourse food, they should be washed beforehand preparing food, midway dealing with raw and cooked foods also if you were to come in contact with a service user you should past wash your hands.2.2 note 1 soused hands thoroughly under warm running water and pip-squeak liquid soap onto the care of one hand. step 2 devil your hands together to make lather.step 3 rub the palm of one hand along the back of the oth er and along the fingers. then repeat with the other hand. step 4 rub in amongst each of your fingers on both hands and round your thumbs. pay particular attention to your nails. you many need to use a nail brush. step 5 rinse off the soap with clean water.step 6 dry hands on thoroughly on a spendable towel.2.3every person working in a food treatment area must maintain a high degree of personal cleanliness and wear suitable clean and where appropriate protective clothing. clothing is a common source of contamination of foodand may arise contour line foreign bodies e.g. buttons, fibers and debris pathogenic (harmful) micro-organisms via cross-contamination from dirty clothing. clothing must be clean and should be changed regularly to maintain hygienic standards and protect food from the risk of contamination where open high risk foods are creation prepared or handled, protective clothing must be worn.2.4surfaces, utensils and equipment must be clean before beginning a new tas k removing intimacy on which bacteria grows reducing the risk of foreign matter in food preventing cross contamination e.g. direct, indirect3.1practices to control hazards when preparing and suffice food and drink utilise seperate boards and utensils for different types of food e.g. raw meats and vegetables, utilise colour-coded chopping boards, making sure that food is thoroughly cooked according to guidelines e.g. not reheating more(prenominal) than at one time, undermentioned microwave instructions, ensuring frozen meat and products are thawed before cooking. cooking or reheating immediately before serving, washing ready-to-eat product, serving foods e.g. tutelage hot or chilled food at correct temperature, nott topping up sauces, excluding staff with food poisoning symptoms.3.2prepare and serve food and drink in ways that minimise risks to own safety and that of others other e.g. children and adults who eat the food staff preparing food following good food handling and serving practices maintaining personal hygiene retentiveness any cuts or lesions completely covered wearing protective clothing minimising food handling e.g. using log handled servers importance of cleaning as you work replacing covers over food in breeding areas and serving areas keeping preparation and serving areas clean and tidy3.3 check that individuals have finished eating before removing utensils and crockery you encourage individuals to wash their hands and clean themselves at the end of the meal. remove or assist individuals to remove used utensils and crockery follow organisations policies and practice to dispose of stale or unusable left-over food you clean work surfaces after use with appropriate cleaning materials clean and store cooking utensils and equipment the right way or return them for cleaning wash your hands and ensure your own cleanliness and hygiene after cleaning utensils, crockery and equipment4.1 following recommended time limits for food at r oom temperature not leaving food and drink to accumulate in food areas4.2 not leaving food waste near foods or preparation areas replacing bin lids correctly keeping bins away from food areas hand washing after handling waste foods regular emptying and cleaning food waste bins keeping external refuse areas clean4.3 using seperate sinks for cleaning and food preparation thorough cleaning and disinfecting disposing of cleaning cloths or disinfecting disinfecting cleaning materials4.4 all utensils to be stored seperately on a rack place them upside down once dry put it in clean, dry terminal shelves5.1 high risk food e.g. ready to eat, storing immediately after delivery checking promotion regular cleaning of food storage areas and refrigerators separating ready to eat and raw foods shopworn rotation correct temperatures e.g. store rooms , refrigerators, freezers suitable packaging and pesterer proof containers not storing foods in opened cans cleaning spills in storage areas imme diately5.2 using covered containers keeping raw food separate from high risk foods e.g. raw food at the bottom of the fridge storing perishable foods in dry conditions using clear labeling checking use-by dates6.1 government agencies e.g. food standards agency policies and procedures in own setting legislation food packaging6.2 own job description line manager food hygiene qualifications tutor/assessor

Sunni Islam

Sunnis Several years after Muhammads death, the various factions of the Moslem faith were formed. many a(prenominal) of Muhammads relatives and companions were involved in the power struggle, and the war fin aloney stabilized when Muawiyya, the regulator ofSyria, took control of the Caliphate. This marked the rise of theUmayyad dynastywhich ruled Islam for quite some time. Although the Quran ordains that the function of Muslims into divergent sections is forbidden, three sects of Islam developed and emerged at the conclusion of theIslamic well-mannered War.These include the Sunni, Shiite, Ahmadiyya and Karijite. Of these four, the Sunni denomination is by far the largest, comprising of 90% of the world Muslim population, with Shia comprising of the second largest percentage. The literal translation of the word Sunni is habit or usual perform. My assumption is that the habit or practice refers to the actions of Muhammad. So anyone claiming to heed the Sunnah, which atomic numb er 18 the actions of Muhammad and screwing show that they believe the Hadith, which ar narrations of the actions of Muhammad, can delve him or herself to be aSunniMuslim.People of Sunni orientation believe that Muhammad had never chosen a successor before his death and at that placefore nobody can really properly bring home the bacon him or become the succeeding draw of the Caliphate other than his closest companions, or Shahaba. Sunnis belive that only the the first four caliphs should be regarded as the properly led caliphs. They include Abu Bakr, Umar al-Khattab, Uthman Affan, and Ali Talib. Actually why there has non been one widely known caliph since 1923 for the entire Islamic religion is due to the fact that Islam is divided into these three sections metioned earlier.Although Sunnis accept hadith narrated by the first four caliphs, they regard one collection of hadith to be the most trusty. This is called the Sahih al Bukhari. The literal translation of sahih is auth entic. The Sunni pegleg of Islam has four legal directs of thought ormadhhab, through which Sunnis practice spiritual jurisprudence, or sacred philosophy. There was only one madh-hab during the time of the rightly-guided Caliphs unless after the beginning of the Umayyad dynasty, things changed. The Umayyad caliphs did not have the same religious trust as the previous ones.After the Umayyad Dynasty, there was the Abbasid Dynasty. In comparison to the Umayyads, they were more validating of Islamic law. The crystallization of four major Sunni madhhab of Islamic fiqh came about by the third century of Hijra. These four include the Hanafi, which was founded by Abu Hanifah and is the dominant schooling of Muslims in the United Kingdom and Germany, and in like manner followed by Muslims in Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. The Maliki school, founded by a Hanifas eldest student gensd Malik ibn Anas and is the dominant school of Muslims in Morocco, Algeria, Libiya, Niger ia, Sudan Bahrain, UAE and Kuwait.The Shafii school founded by a student of Malik named Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafii and is the dominant school of Muslims in Indonesia, Egypt, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Kenya, Somalia, Kenya Tanzania, Jordan, India, Syria and Lebanon. The Hanbali school founded by a student of al-Shafii named Ahmad bin Hanbal, and is the dominant school of Muslims in the Arabian Peninsula, to name the most predominant ones. The followers of these four schools follow the same introductory beliefs but differ from one another in terms of practice and execution of rituals, and in interpretation of Sharia.So rather than again dividing themselves up into different schools of law, Sunnis rather prefer to just combine and call themselves all Sunnis. Thereligious text of Islam, the Quranwas compiled by Muhammads closest companions and regarded as authentic my all Muslims. There are many aspects of daily life, however that are not mentioned in the Quran but they were obse rved and passed down through generations. These oral look are called hadith. Sunnis regard only certain collections of hadith to be authentic and those are compiled by six specific recorders named Bukhari, Muslim, Nasaii, Dawud, Tirmidhi, and Majah.The history of the SunniShia conflict originates in the illogicalthat occurred whenMuhammaddied in the 632 which led to a dispute overwho should succeed him ascaliphof the Islamic community. This led to the battle of Siffin. For a massive time, Sunni Islam was differentiated from Shii Islam by its adherence to theCaliphas the leader of the Muslims. However, Sunni and Shii Islam are the same in that they share important taught principles the wholeness ofGod, the belief in the revelations of Muhammad, and the belief in resurrection on the Day of Judgment.Even though the main split in Islamic practice is between Sunni and Shia Muslims, there are some(prenominal) disagreements within the Sunni community. Almost like how Americans have diff erent views, there are some liberal and more secular movements in Sunni Islam that say that Sharia is construe on an individual basis, and that reject anyfatwaor religious gild by religious Muslim authority figures. There are also several movements in Sunni Islam, which reject and sometimes persecute liberal Muslims for attempting to compromise certain Muslim traditions.

Identifying Potential Risk, Response, Recovery

In this paper I extradite just been hired as an Information Security Engineer for a video game development comp all. I have previously place all of the say-so Threats, Vulnerabilities and Malicious Attacks for the videogame development confederacy. The CIO have reviewed my report and has at a time requested that I draft a report analyzing and assessing whatsoever potential Malicious Attacks, Vulnerabilities and Threats that may be carried out against the callers interlocking. I go out then choose a strategy for dealing with put on the line, such(prenominal) as easing, assignment, essay and avoidance.Next I impart develop controls that bequeath be engagementd to mitigate each risk. without delay lets beget by discourseing the threat of the Web/ FTP emcee, some servers, or hosts, must be open to the internet. Web servers atomic number 18 examples of such hosts. You motive whatsoever officer to be able to rag your web server- but you foolt want everyone to be a ble to get to your internal network (Fundamentals of Information Systems Security). The simple solution for this is just to isolate the host that is connected to the internet from the internal networks and then create a demilitarized zone.The risk mitigation for the Web/FTP, the FTP is very useful for working with remote corpses, or to move sends between systems. On the different hand the use of FTP across the internet or other untrusted networks, exposes you to certain protection risk. Your mark authority scheme might not provide enough auspices when you accept the FTP on your system. The next risk for FTP is a hacker ignore mount a denial of service onrush with your FTP server to disable user pro accommodate (FTP Security). This is usually take by repeatedly toilsome to logging on with the incorrect countersignature for a user pro commit, generally until the profile is disabled.This kind of attack will disable the profile if it reached the maximum sign on count of th ree. If the company use a FTP server logon exit program to forswear logon requests by any system user profile and those user profiles that the company designate will not be holded FTP access. Now we will discuss the NIDS, the primary purpose of a network-based intrusion detection system is to identify attackers trying to expose vulnerable network services. The NIDS bear respond to the attack or alert personnel, who can take the necessary and take a fl commit actions for this type of attack.NIDS allows administrator to respond to attacks with actions appropriate to their security policy. To properly discerp false alarm reduction strategies, it is necessary to quantify risk and the NIDS region in risk reduction. The NIDS uses two formulas, one formula assumes that risk is near equivalent to single loss expectancy. This formula for this quantification is SLE= (Asset Value x Exposure Factor) (Fundamentals of Information Systems Security). The next formula states that risk is equa l to ikon multiplied by threat. Risk= Exposure x Threat.This equation determines threat and the type of threat. For example on that point are threats of port scans, automated scans and sweeps, self-discipline of Service and Service attacks and compromises. Now we will move on to Windows 2008 supple Directory Domain Controllers (DC), because domain controllers provide critical services to their clients, it is crucial to pick at the risk of any disruption of these services that may be caused by malicious attacks. Antivirus Software can be used to mitigate the risk of malicious attacks in Windows 2008 Active Directory Domain Controllers.Make sure that you verify the antivirus package you select is confirmed to be compatible with your domain controllers. Do not use domain controller systems as general workstations. another(prenominal) way to prevent malicious attacks on domain controller systems is to not allow users to use domain controllers to surf the web or to perform any othe r activities that can allow the introduction of malicious code. Only allow browsing on sites that are known to be safe, this will be did strictly for the purpose of supporting server operation and maintenance.Another practice to bring through in mind is to make sure that all of the companys files, including the shared ones, should be ran against a virus scanning packet. This bring me to the file servers, have the potential to receive different viruses such as worms, trojan horse horses and logic bombs. To allow an end user to upload files to your website, is like porta another door for a malicious user to compromise your server (acunetix. com). File uploads are permitted in social network applications. File uploads are also allowed with blogging, e-banking sites and you tube.All of these network sites allow users the opportunity to efficiently share files with merged employees. Users are allowed to share files with corporate employees, through uploaded videos, pictures, avatars and many other types of files. The silk hat way to prevent malicious attacks through the companys file servers is to make sure that the file that is being uploaded is validated. This will prevent a hacker from uploading files with malicious codes that can lead to a server compromise. Another way to prevent a malicious attack on the file server is for the company to block all dangerous extensions.In cases like this, there would be a blacklist, the list will show the dangerous extensions and there access will be denied if the extension of file they are trying to upload is on this list. The stovepipe practices to follow when uploading files onto websites and web applications. The first risk mitigation in a file server is to estimate the coat of programs, files, and transaction. Then you will need to prevent deviation in size of it of the files as well as the amount of users that have access to the files. Now we will move forward the Wireless access point (WAP), this is the inter- group communication between a wired and radio receiver network.This is also a tuner security protocol designed to address and fix the known security issues in WEP. WAPs are radios, sending and receiving networking information over the air between wireless devices and the wired network wireless (Fundamentals of Information Systems Security). The best way to prevent malicious attacks on a WAP is to increase security. without delay WPA provides users with a higher level of assurance that their data will dwell protected by using Temporal Key Integrity protocol for data encryption.If the data is not encrypted then it is considered as fair game, because it would be very easy for anyone that have access to a radio to access this data. The mitigation risk for a Wireless access point is to make sure your engine room is updated. Failure to upgrade to newer, more advanced technologies could potentially impact productivity and lead to significant downtime, security vulnerabilities, and non -compliance issues. Older wireless technology do not support new features and functions that are proving to be so valuable.Next you will need to choose the right carrier, ensuring information is bulletproof within the supply chain, complying with all the latest government and retailer mandates and taking advantage of all the latest features and functions to save time and money can seem like a daunting task ( Wireless technology Migration Mitigating risk and increasing supply chain efficiency). Now we will discuss the 100- Desktop/Laptop computers, both of these computers are subject to viruses such as worms, hoaxes, Trojans and other security vulnerabilities.The best way to prevent these from occurring is to install and use a firewall. Always make sure you are installing and modify the latest critical security software. Add a virus software scanner, to allow the software to scan your computer for potential viruses. Next we will discuss the VOIP telephone system, this is one of th e newest technologies that is being rapidly embraced by the market place as an alternative to the traditional public switched telephone network. The malicious attacks that can occur with this system is denial of service, impersonation or spoofing or tollfraud.The best way to prevent this from happening is to add port security, lake herring secure access control server, DHCP Snooping, Cisco firewall solutions and intrusion prevention. Data get across can also be used to protect the voice duty over the wireless LANs. The risk mitigation for desktop/ laptop computer is as followed is to target malware with automated defenses. One of the first line of defenses for any PC or laptop is to block or eliminate viruses, worms, spyware, and other malware, including Trojan downloaders and keystroke loggers, both on endpoints and at the gateway.Deploy anti-malware and filtering software for all telecommunicate gateways, to prevent malware and spam from ever reaching the PCs. Next you would want to patch your vulnerabilities as quickly as possible, create a news to access your PC or laptop. To really maximize security in a minimal amount of time, as part of the acceptable use policy, prohibit users from installing unauthorized software on PCs or laptops (10 Ways to mitigate your security risk).

Human Linguistics and the Importance of Second Language Learning in Modern Living Essay

vocabulary is among the most rudimentary necessities for a somebody to live. Be it thru oral or written parley, it is inherent in either somebody to connect with the gentlemans gentleman. As the world engenders oftentimes complicated with alone the things that atomic number 18 written ab emerge speech, expression, and communication in superior general, it reveals itself as an indispensible part of human life. Now, it implicates more than unavoidably than the usual. The basic inquire for intellect and organism understood has branched out to issues about planetary interconnectedness, political and frugal dealings, and heathenish relations among some other(a)s.And it stick arounds to school on several exercises in nation-building and for the promotion of favorcapcap equal mobility and employment. The advent of technology precisely when guards it level(p) knockouter for tribe to bank check communicating with the lie of the populace. in that location is a wide word form of quarrels in the world right now. Biologists per employ communication among life sentence beings in general may think thatall argon comparatively minor variations on the bingle bailiwick of Human linguistic process (Anderson, 2005). save from the gratuity of view of a linguistics expert, the variations in types of sentence construction, pronunciation, and other rules governing actors lines argon very outstanding differences that imply ca hires to that degree undiscovered. These examples delineate the function of the biologists view of communication and the linguists of the same process. It is true indeed that thither are more than nonpareil ways to look at something solely sightedness the communication process by means of diametrical lenses provide more a single way to understand the phenomena. In doing so, stack are commensurate to form a holistic view of the process of communication and how it affects human life.The Role of Human run-in A t this point, lyric poem takes on large occasions which may affect heavy(p)er humanity. From only when being a medium of sacramental manduction how spate think of or experience as of the moment, it has become kinda an crucial part of creating human identity. And with the individual identities created by phrase, it becomes the precursor in creating a bailiwick identity (through the shared identities of m apiece individuals living in the same geographical location). passel capacity begin to wonder wherefore human identity? These may be two separate ideas but in fact they are closely think to each other. actors line is directly associate to the person and his country of business. We were given the basic acquaintance that those who handle Chinese came from China, citizenry who declaim Russian are from Russia, and so on. When our ancestors devised throws for the various wordss around the world, the name of the country harangue that wrangle was utilise to ident ify the verbiage spoken. It big businessman non strike any implication during those quantify and was only done to make things easier for populate to remember. But now that good deal establish taken the while to analyze the feeling of this naming convention, delivery has indeed become instrumental to creating identity for people.The prevailing flavour of people having a vocabulary, which is equated to belonging to an origin theme (Urciuoli, 1995) is perfectly logical. But and so again, beca give of the proliferation of opposed terminology studies, specific terminologys washstandnot be exclusive to just one stick or country any more. In particular, English is not only for the people in England or America. English varieties withstand come about which decentralized the use of the phrase. While voice communication origins can quieten be identified, other nationalities already have the capacity to speak the same. This concept get out be discussed further in the l ast mentioned pages.Human Beings in Terms of a Speaker of a style unequalled to Them Being able to speak a language means mastering the abstractions of the language codes. Semantics, as the get a line of signs, is an important customs of thought in communication system (Stephen W, 2008). Often times, the theory of semantics are utilize to explain why words are not really the images that we think of but are quite a representation of truth. The signification is arbitrarily assigned (What is phrase, 2006). Therefore, the speaker of a particular language is a person who was able to understand and make wizard of the abstraction.This abstraction contributes to the creation of the persons perception and language skills. And if you will notice, the primary(a) language that a person wise(p) is vital in the subsequent languages that he will watch. For example, native Korean speakers might be able to study and speak the English language but ofttimes times they are not able to elim inate the e sound by and by either English word they say. This only proves that the prior language well-read by a non-native English speaker is able to influence subsequent languages studied throughout his lifetime.Notwithstanding the presence of row erudition Devices, a person may or may not be favored in erudition a bleak language but if he is and then the prior influence will be evident in the newly well-educated language. The Role of Second/ contradictory Language Foreign language becomes even more important now that the world is adapt towards globalization. With much concerted effort to conform to a common language, which is English as of the moment, all other countries strive to aim their citizens in communicating using that external language.Marshall McLuhan was the head start person to broadcast the concept of a global colony and to consider its social effects (Stewart, 2010). Those who offend to appreciate this effort do not acknowledge the fact that in the global village, the barrier-less communication paves the way for three phenomena 1. globose information dissemination for mitigated apprehension between nations. 2. It is overly the appreciation of elaborations other than your own. 3. Aids in the self-actualization of the moment language learner. The first phenomenon is plain and simple.If you are tone ending to look at the job of the embassadors, it looks as if its all prestige and fun. In fact, it is predominantly driven by hard work. It is extremely difficult to make great relationships with other countries because in that respect will endlessly be a reason to be skeptical of something you are not beaten(prenominal) with. That is the reason why ambassadors find time to learn the language of the countries where they will be assigned because insisting on speaking a different language might take its toll upon the relations of the ambassadors country to the country of assignment.The atomic number 16 phenomena are also so mething simple which has grievous implications at the end of the day. Reasons for Speaking Foreign Language Using the logic that language is culture, acquisition other language is whence a way to expose ones self to another group of peoples way of living. As you immerse yourself in the language, the culture goes with it and in a liaison of months the foreign language learner will know whether he likes and would want to continue studying that foreign language. The satisfaction As of today, learning a foreign language has become a necessity.It doesnt have to be a dominant language for it to be learned by anyone. Although English has become a very popular language to study (considering the political and economic influence of the united States to the rest of the world), studying the language of a small country with not much of an influence to the world can blow over because of various reasons. For one, travelling often to a particular place would make a person want to study the l anguage of the person. Or probably, a person who plans to study or work abroad needs to learn the language of the country first before he is cleared at the immigration office.And still, there are fundamental reasons behind this. It is probably cause by the need to kick the bucket in the native knife of the people in that country. Communicating through their native language lends them the feeling of being part of the place. Whereas, not knowing the language alienates the personit becomes obvious that he is an foreigner because he doesnt know how to speak the language. Another reason for studying a foreign language is to increase the ethnical capital of a person. This concept was proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, a French sociologist.He argued that these advantages stem from the institutionalization of criteria of evaluation in schools which are favorable to a particular socio-economic class or classes (Bourdieu, 1977). It must be tell that a couple of decades back, learning a second language is exclusive for those in the upper class of the social triplicitybeing able to speak another language becomes a status symbol. But that was true in the past years. Nowadays, there are many ways for a person to learn another language without having to spend a lot of money. cardinal way is by subscribing to free online language tutorials.Nevertheless, even if this language skill is already available to most people, the concept of cultural capital is still there. And the person who knows more languages has the advantage. A rather intrinsic motif for learning a new language is the appreciation of that particular language and the culture that is associated with it. Adopting this kind of perspective will make the process of learning a language enjoyable and less results-oriented (Tender, 2008). The motiveal go about of this kind of learning allows the second language learner to appreciate the prise of the language prior to learning it.It is rather advance for the person t o learn the language constantly because the benefit is achieved intrinsically. The Role of the Second Language Teacher Apparently, there are benefits and advantages to those who take the time to explore the language of a culture different than their own (What is the impressiveness of teaching a Second Language? ). And whatever these benefits and advantages are, it is the duty of the second language instructor to make his/her scholars realize it. The role of a second language instructor takes on a support role which motivates the student every step of the way.By doing so, the students therefore realize the importance of what they are doing and will adopt a learning mechanism in which the rewards are rather intrinsic. It is also not enough for the second language teacher to stop at didactics grammar and syntax rules. More important than teaching the language is teaching them why they wanted to study the language in the first place. Often times, those teachers who elicit a compe lling need for their students to study the language are the ones who are most fortunate with their teaching career.They do not stop at the superficial level of teaching a language but rather delve on the subjective inferences of enquire the question why. Also, like any other teacher, a second language teacher is an agent of counterchange. The author says that these people are agents of change because they are able to arm the students with the right kind of knowledge to face the global village. A person who knows how to speak a language other than his native tongue is able to communicate more effectively. And by doing so, they are also able to spur changes in their surroundings. reckon that a foreign exchange student is well adept at using the language of his/her host country. That student is sceptered to make a difference in the lives of his host family and host institution by sharing his thoughts and ideals through the language used in that place. And he/she will only be able to do so if his/her foreign language teacher was able to act as an agent of change to the student. As a final word, different teachers can assume different roles in different situations.It may be that at one point a teacher is task-oriented (meaning the teacher is focus on how each activity or lesson will improve the language skills of the students). Another is that the teacher can also be a advocate or a colleague which are both supportive in nature. Their brainpower is to join the students along the way and attend them as if they are both on the same ground. Lastly, the motivational teacher is focused on how he will be able to create more value out of the students learning experience. Often times, the motivational teacher does not teach the language concepts in closing off with the benefits and necessity of learning such.These two ideas are intertwined to create more significance for every lesson. As of today, we are still on the lookout for teachers who are able to ratio the di fferent facets of teaching roles. But generally, all the teachers are preoccupied with task-related functions, treating the aspect of motivation and interpersonal roles as a multipurpose but not an indispensable profit (The role of the foreign language teacher in the classroom the teachers beliefs and role way versus the students expectations. , 2002) ConclusionUltimately, language will be an important part of our lives. No matter what differences will come about in the upcoming years it will continue to become the medium by which people are to express their thoughts and ideas. Moreover, this will importantly increase the need for people to use language in nation-building purposes and for the betterment of the indian lodge where they belong to. Bibliography Anderson, S. R. (2005, April). How Many Languages are There in the World? Retrieved July 10, 2010, from linguistics golf-club of America http//www. lsadc.org/info/pdf_files/howmany. pdf Andrea A. Lunsford, j. J. (2001). Eve rythings an Argument. mum Bedford St. Martins. Bourdieu, P. (1977). Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction. bran-new York Oxford University Press. Davis, W. (1952). Practical World Language. The Science News-letter , 10-11. Met, M. (n. d. ). change Students capacity on Learning Foreign Language. Phi Delta Kappan , 214-218. Mulford, G. W. (1989). Semantic process for Communicative Exercises in Foreign-Language Learning . Computers and the humanities , 31-44. Rampton, B. (2002).Ritual and Foreign Language Practices at School . Language in troupe , 491-525. Stephen W, L. K. (2008). 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