Operations and Logistics Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Operations and Logistics Management - Case Study ExampleIt seeks to achieve these objectives by facilitating a assimilation where teams of employees are sufficiently motivated to work together to revisit working practices in an effort to admonisher their performance and hold in changes for the better.Operations management is an area of business where one is concerned with the increaseion of his/her goods and the run s/he provides. Operations management focuses on carefully managing the processes to produce and distribute products and services. Usually, small businesses dont remonstrate about operations management, but they carry out the activities that management schools typically associate with the express operations management. Major, overall activities often include product creation, development, production and distribution. (These activities are also associated with Product and profit Management. However product management is usually in regard to one or more tight relate d product - that is, a product line. Operations management is in regard to all operations within the organization.). Related activities include managing purchases, inventory control, quality control, storage, logistics and evaluations.The best option for Organization A is the literal Requirements Planning (MRP). The MRP is a software-based production planning and inventory control schema used to manage manufacturing processes. An MRP system is intended to simultaneously play 3 objectives ensure materials and products are available for production and delivery to customers. assert the lowest possible level of inventory. plan manufacturing activities, delivery schedules and buying activities.All manufacturing organizations, whatever their products face the equivalent daily practical problem - that customers want products to be available in a shorter time than it takes to make them. Companies need to control the types and quantities of materials they purchase, plan which products a re to be produced and in what quantities and ensure that they are able to meet current and future customer demand, all at the lowest possible cost. If a company purchases substandard quantities of an item used in manufacturing, or the wrong item, they may be unable to meet contracts to add together products by the agreed date. If a company purchases excessive quantities of an item, money is being wasted - the excess measure ties up cash while it remains as stock and may never even be used at all. This is a particularly severe problem for food manufacturers and companies with very short product life cycles. However, some purchased items will have a minimum quantity that must be met, therefore, purchasing excess is necessary. (http//www.me.utexas.edu)MRP is used by many organizations as a tool to deal with these problems. This applies to items that are bought in and to sub-assemblies that go into more complex items. There are two kinds of output. Output 1 is the Recommended Producti on catalogue which lays out a detailed schedule of the required minimum start and completion dates, with quantities, for each timbre of the Routing and Bill Of Material required to satisfy the demand from the MPS. Output 2 is the

Is Rim Destined to eventually Fail Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Is flange Destined to eventually Fail - Essay ExampleThe factors can still support the argument otherwise. As a manufacturer of the Blackberry ph nonpareils and products, RIM has shown a significant growth record in the new-fashioned past. The growth is witnessed in terms of take, staffing and the manufacturing infrastructure. The consistent increase in volume of the familiaritys products ensures its fight in the marketplace by con tautening that the products it supplies are market-friendly and adequate to the ever-increasing number of customers. The increase in deed is fueled by the adequacy of staff. Adequate staff ensures that work is concluded on time, hence, following the follow deadlines. Manufacturing infrastructure, on the other hand, facilitates invention and innovation resulting in originality of the company products (Palmatier & Crum, 2003). Externally, there is the ever-rising pressure from the rapidly expanding consumer root RIM products experience a short lifec ycle. Therefore, they have extended manufacturing contracts to likeminded firms to help them in proceeds to meet the ever-rising customer demands. This has extended the decision making chain resulting in complexity when it comes to market efficiency and decision-making in terms of enhancing supply irons. The software makeup of the organization is also not up to the task, prompting the death penalty of a decision support system for the company to ensure it continues its operations successfully (Chopra & Meindl, 2001). In the novel past, RIM has been quite successful and because of this success, a crop of challenges has come up threatening the success of the corporation. The company introduced seven new models of their products within the last 18 months. The challenge with these products is their shortened lifecycle that has reduced further from 2 years to a mere 1 year. Reports show that the companys product portfolio has become genuinely complex ranging from 18 to 100 possible end combinations of the models with only seven lines of products. This has the challenge of easily creating what we cry out an excess inventory calling for an appropriate plan. Such are the introductions of the product lines without which the overall costs of the firm would rapidly escalate cutting down on profits resulting in reduced returns (Palmatier & Crum, 2003). The growth of the output of the handheld phones invented and launched within the last two years has risen by 310%. This has presented a challenge of keeping up with such growth as the supply chains have risen from just one to six suites worldwide (Klein, 2003). The ramp rates are also severe as they are put to death from multiple manufacturing points within different countries. Therefore, RIM through its management has to be extra careful on how it introduces its products to the customer base that is wide both in size and in the expectation. Decision-making has become increasingly problematical in the ever-rising c omplex environment. As a result, the corporation has lost track of which products to produce, at what time and to which reference (Chopra & Meindl, 2001). This is despite the fact that the decisions made at the head office cuts across all the supply chains making the company to always honor its commitment to its clients. A company is able to succeed if it is in the position of responding appropriately to the demand of its staff. In addition, there would be a delay in the production due

Bringing Wolves back into the wild Research Paper

Bringing Wolves back into the wild - Research Paper shelllupus species (Wolf Haven International, 2013). Wolf Haven International is also largely responsible for the advocacy of the wolf renovation programs and for their implementation once the law has already approved them. More importantly, however, the organization seeks to defend the claims that wolves are faultless creatures and should therefore be restored back to their original sanctuary in the wild (Wolf Haven International, 2013). Several reasons for this accept the benefits of wolves to the ecosystem and the lack of evidence to support the alleged danger of wolves.According to Frank (2012), a new look study in Yellowstone claimed that the restoration of wolves into their original wildlife sanctuary resulted in many parts of the ecosystem becoming more spirited and multifaceted. There is actually nothing mystical or supernatural about this claim. The explanation is that the presence of wolves in their natural sanctuary has led to their consumption of the elk population in the area. Thus, this has resulted in the thriving of aspens, cottonwoods and willows because of much(prenominal) reduction in the elk population, which is considered their main consumers. Moreover, this has also led to the growth of more diverse trees and plants in the area, thus not only increasing the diversity of the ecosystem and producing a much cleaner environment. The increase in the diversity of the plant species and the reduction in the elk population in the sanctuary of the wolves produced higher atomic proceeds 8 levels and therefore cleaner rivers and streams. Thus, these bodies of water have become a better habitat for beaver and fish, which in turn served as food for bears and birds. Furthermore, there was also a relative increase in the number of bisons because they used to compete with elks in the area before the wolves were reintroduced. The reduction of

Teaching Ethics State-level Employees Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Teaching Ethics State-level Employees - Essay ExampleA tremendous interest in regards to enquiry is identifying borderline children in elementary schools. Many children in the public school system ar clearly performing below the state standard but do not qualify for exceptional education. As a result, they persistently fail clubes but are moved to the next level. It would be precedent if there existed a program that could be developed to help the borderline children pass. Whether this is something that would result in dividing the class into sections is something that should be interrogationed, because it is a viable alternative which would allow the child to maintain the curriculum with a collapse chance of success. Funding, however, is always an issue and of course, the state is reticent to expend resources on research when children are sledding state standards.There does not appear to be any legislation within the state of atomic number 20 as applied to research. On July 1 2, 1974, the National Research Act (Pub. L. 93-348) was signed into law, thereby creating the National relegating for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. One of the charges to the Commission was to identify the basic ethical principles that should be the conduct of biomedical and behavioral research involving human subjects and to develop guidelines which should be followed to assure that such research is conducted in accordance with those principles. In carrying out the above, the Commission was directed to consider (i) the boundaries between biomedical and behavioral research and the accepted and routine practice of medicine, (ii) the role of assessment of risk-benefit criteria in the determination of the appropriateness of research involving human subjects.

What a women looks like Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

What a women looks like - Assignment ExampleThe main essence lies in the exploring of how the country persistently follows the formula of tracing and evaluating an individuals characters according to their looks and attires.In a highly mobile society, where first impressions are all important(p) and where selling oneself is the most highly cultivated skill, the construction of appearances becomes more and more imperative. (Ewen, 1988 85). Throughout the past and in the present as well, Americas view for women and men based on their appearance and robe remains unchanged. This can be best established through Douglas Bradley Smiths question in his Quarterly Journal of Speech which asks (1977 215)Why has no communication scholar bothered to decode the proper(postnominal) meanings of the American wardrobe? While total absorption in such details might minify us to public relations consultants, to ignore such details is to deny the global nature of forgiving interaction. Clothing persu ades.According to Susan S. Gilpin, an Assistant Professor at Marshall University, the matter has still not been explored in a deeper level by communication scholars (Gilpin, 2009). Her remark, The workplace inequalities legitimated by contemporary dress for success grandiosity still requires scholarly investigation and critique, (Gilpin, 2009) lucidly confirms the America still judges individuals as per their looks and attire. condescension the prevailing trend of judging men and women on the basis of their appearance and dress, a different naturalize of thoughts still claims that Americas views in this regard has changed considerably. According to these opinions the country now perceives an individual by his or her potentials and qualities rather than the artificial facades. The best examples for them are Michale Jackson, who has rocked the world despite being not whitened and Barrack Obama, a black president

European History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European memorial - Essay ExampleIn the making of the Treaty of Versailles that effectively ended World fight I, France chaired the tranquillity conference and saw fit to have Germany, the one who started the contend be properly punished and the lands it confiscated returned. Germany sign the treaty but proposed some amendments. Still, the treaty was to the consciousness of Germans a reason to have a impinge on settled and that came in World War II. In the opinions of many, the treaty was too harsh on Germany and France is at one time being seen in bad lightWorld War II. In 1939, World War II came, and this lasted until 1945.1 The war spread out to Europe, Asia, Mediterranean and Middle East, Africa resulting in Allied victory where casualties were 62 million, and 37 million of these were civilians and 25 million were military. The two groups that were fighting were the Allies composed of Soviet Union, UK and Commonwealth, USA, France/Free France, China, Poland, and Australia and the axis vertebra composed of Germany, Japan, Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Vichy France. 2World War II was a truly global conflict with much(prenominal) human misery that began on September 1, 1939 when German invaded Poland. Countries that participated in World War I were the identical countries involved in World War II. On September 3, 1939 Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand declared war on Germany and Canada followed a week later. Meanwhile, the United States joined the conflict in December 1941 after Japan attacked off-white Harbour.3Treaties. After World War II, delegates from 21 member countries of the United Nations met in Paris on July 29, 1946, to delineate treaties with Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and Finland.4 Representatives of the United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, and France signed the treaties in Paris on Feb. 10, 1947. Border fortifications as provided in the treaties were to be limited only to keeping internal security. Also , guarantees against racial discrimination and the rebirth of fascist governments were provided for.5 Because of the devastating experiences of war that the nations went through especially in World War II, these two guarantees are understandable. Also, the Balkan treaties provided for free navigation of the Danube. Demands. At the end of the war, millions were rendered homeless, the European economy had collapsed, and 70% of the European industrial infrastructure was destroyed.6 The Eastern victors exacted payment of war reparations from the defeated nations, and in the Paris Peace Treaty, the enemies of Soviet Union which were Hungary, Finland and Romania, were required to pay $300,000,000 each to the Soviet Union. Italy was required to pay $360,000,000, shared chiefly between Greece, Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union.7 Meanwhile, the Western victors in World War II did not demand compensation from the defeated nations. Instead, a plan established by U.S. deposit of State George Mar shall, the European Recovery Program, better known as the Marshall Plan, called for the U.S. Congress to share billions of dollars for the reconstruction of Europe.8 As reflected in Table 1, the breakdown was as follows -compensation to the wWII victors at 1938 prices(Tabled by generator

Dyslexia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Dyslexia - Research piece ExampleExperts however are having difficulty to agree on a common scientific definition of dyslexia. The British Dyslexia Association defined it as a specific learning difficulty which mainly affects the festering of literacy and language related skills. The International Dyslexia has it as a specific learning disability that is neurological in origin. (International Dyslexia Association). Rose defined dyslexia as a learning difficulty that primarily affects the skills involved in high-fidelity and fluent countersign reading and spelling (Smythe 40). However experts may defined dyslexia, the disability is present when the the automatization1 of word identification (reading) and/or spelling does not develop or does so very incompletely or with great difficulty (Smythe 39) and the theories on the etiology of dyslexia is an ever evolving process due to the continuous research do about it. Research excessively showed that the origin of dyslexia is general ly hereditary with some genes that were identified to be generally predisposed to having dyslexia. The specific genes that research has identified to be more(prenominal) predisposed to acquiring dyslexia were brain based. young research showed that there are nine chromosomes that are directly linked to the learning difficulty. ... Four of the genes DYX1C1 (DYX1), KIAA0319 (DYX2), DCDC2 (DYX2) and ROBO1 (DYX5) clear been implicated in neuronal migration and guidance, suggesting the importance of early neurodevelopmental processes in reading development(41). Four more additional possible areas (PCNT, DIP2A, S100B and PRMT2) in the chromosome region 21q22.3 have been identified to be linked with dyslexia. This genetic heritability of dyslexia was also confirmed by the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study of Reading Disability whose study suggests that the overlap genetic influence accounted for 86% and 49% of the phenotypic correlations between the two assessments for twin pairs with and without reading difficulties singly (Wadsworth et al 150) With regard to who gets this disability among the population, Lowenstein reported that the difficulty learning as caused by dyslexia is a origin that affects one in five sight3. Some of the obvious symptoms that is correlated with dyslexia hold letter reversals in get through writing4, delays in speech and being easily distracted by noise (webmd). Symptoms can also include very poor spelling of words and blending of rhyming of sounds to make words. The classic example to ornament this spelling difficulty is the paper written by Lowenstein where it was titled Pediatrician Dyslexia affects one if five people. Due to difficulty in reading, students who has dyslexia were also were also found to have difficulty summarizing stories. Learning a foreign language was also found to be a challenge among dyslexics and so is memorizing words and concepts. In extreme cases, a very small population of dyslexics was known to rotate letters when reading atavism words when they write. In the study of Morton and Frith,

What Were the Reasons for the 1905 Revolution in Russia Research Paper

What Were the Reasons for the 1905 Revolution in Russia - Research Paper ExampleSome 90% of the Russia muckle were non- provincelords, and those who do up the noble circle were even fewer in number. Yet these noblemen and landlords held all of the rights to political power, end and the best parts of the land. The common people were knock againstn as superstitious and ignorant serfs who further understood blackjack and brutal oppression. Though Czar Alexander the II (1855-1881) attempted at reform, as seen in his independence Edict of March 3, 1861, which abolished serfdom and guaranteed the right to own land, the liberty of the peasants was still out of reach. The annual sums of the government to be paid in exchange for ownership of the land were oftentimes greater than the dues that the peasants had formerly paid to the serfs. Furthermore, the land of the village communities designated to the people was most likely infertile because the nobles were allowed to only give the worst parts of their estates to the people and the village communities kept village land as collective property, which meant that no private ownership on the part of the actual farmers was possible. With the formation of an intellectual class, industrialization which concentrated the population and revolutionary societies that could now see the discrepancy between other democratic nations, people became more aware of what kind of living standards they should be entitled to. Nicholas II (1894-1917) only fanned the flame of discontent with his dictatorial and imprudent ruling personal manner and his German wife, Princess Alexandra, who was more than eager to guard the full autocratic power for her husband. A revolution was the only way to alter the social. Of many immediate incidents that spurred the revolution on, the Bloody Sunday assassinate of January 22. Workers on strike, along with their families, had started out marching towards the palace as a quiet hymn singing procession . Women and children were placed at the front of the demonstrating throng in hopes of deterring violence, but after a few warning shots, Czars soldiers shot without delay at the crowd and as a result, an estimate of 1000 people died. Not only did the event demonstrate the governments ruthless indiscriminate approach in the shooting, killing the strong along with the physically weak, it in addition displayed the fact that protest alone can never help bring about a ikon shift within the political structure. As shown in the film Battleship Potempkin, many of the protestors were vets from the Russo-Japanese war, who had lost limbs and became game for the tsar. The treatment they receive in return for such a thankless service, displayed in the shooting, sparked further disillusion among the mass of fighting men. It is believed that this event capsized the remaining faith the people had in the government and triggered the revolution of 1905. The massacre could not have happened in Ru ssia, however, considering the sheer vastness of the country, without the rapid growth of a proletariat class in the industrial towns, which began in the Russian Industrialization initiated by Alexander IIs.

Exploring gender difference in social anxiety Term Paper

Exploring gender difference of opinion in companionable anxiety - Term Paper ExampleThere is a major lack of info relative to the effect of gender on affectionate anxiety. The aim of this study is to investigate the gender difference in social anxiety using results from both self-report questionnaire and experimental setting. The hope is to bring to light schooling that can be crucial to use to aid those suffering from social anxiety.This study contains one aboriginal question that needs to be addressed Is there a gender difference in the insure of social anxiety? A part of this study also explores whether or not individual project of social anxiety is fully uncovered by self-report questionnaires. It intends to investigate how male gender roles affect their responses to the questionnaires. It is attainable that males tend to underreport their fear and stress than females. This fact alone causes some false information to be conveyed in this bea.There is not only an issue wi th differences in prevalence and clinical samples, the gender experience of social anxiety in men and women also lack discussion. The majority of studies that are completed on social anxiety and social phobia are based on self-report questionnaires. These do not always fail what the individual with anxiety is actually experiencing, their highs and lows and other crucial information. In considering this topic I suggest that the live findings in gender difference in social anxiety are biased due to gender socialization. The experience of social anxiety provoking situations is the same across genders. Men on an average are equally likely to experience high social anxiety as women.There are a large number of theories and studies done on gender behavioral and psychological differences. For example, the evolutionary neuroandrogenic theory proclaim by Ellis predicts that phobia in general is more common among females than

Love Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love - Assignment ExampleIn addition, the course seeks to set off the leadership abilities of individuals through adoption of programs that are focused at bringing change within the community. The program covers education institutions including colleges and universities. Chesapeake Bay Program awards an average of $1 million. In addition, the allow for funds 20% of applications. Depending with the pecuniary requirements of a project, Chesapeake Bay Program offers the funds for one year. Individual or institutions in need of grants stern access the funds 6 to 8 months after the issuance of the request for proposal. The grant requires that a constitute share of 25% of the total costs as stipulated by the project budget (2012-2013 Guidelines for Financial accept lots). Online or mail applications can be used to apply for Chesapeake Bay Program grant.Source drop-off Assistance Grant Program is another key source of funds. The program covers clubs and organizations, communities g roups and local organizations that aim at eradicating the toxic substances used by young people. With an annul award of in the midst of $1.1 million-$1.7 million, the program funds 15% of the grant applicant. In addition, projects are funded in annual bases. According to Source Reduction Assistance Grant Program, recipients of the grant should provide 5% of the allowable project cost that can be inform of in-kind contributions much(prenominal) as equipments or in form of cash (Samuel, 2007). Application for Source Reduction Assistance grant can be done online or through mail after which the successful applicants receive Grants between May and

CRJS405DB2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CRJS405DB2 - Research Paper Example role player observation requires the researcher to mingle with the audience so that he can observe from the inside what happens in the fraternity, for example. On the other hand, non- participant observation requires the researcher to be a bit far from the community to observe them in a distance where the audience may not have an idea that they atomic number 18 being watched.Interviews are another method of collecting entropy mainly involves an interviewer and an interviewee. Interviews require the researcher run across the audience or the respondent face to face at an agreed place and time so that he can conduct the interview between him (researcher) and the respondent. Questions are prepared prior to the meeting and a copy sent to the interviewee so that he can prepare well and soon enough how to result in the questions directed to him during the session.This is another appropriate method of collecting entropy and it involves the researcher having to prepare a schedule or a list of questions which he is supposed to distribute to his respondents so that they can put their feedback in writing on the questionnaires or in answering the questions asked in those questionnaires. Questionnaires can either be open or closed. In open questionnaires, the respondent has the freedom to note down his expressions on the document provided whereas in the closed questionnaires, the respondent is restricted only to the answers provided in the questionnaires and only has the freedom to choose either one of them.One of the challenges in collecting quantitative data is that the researcher can record legal injury numbers during the documentation of his research. For example, instead of recording thirty respondents, he may make a splay and record ten respondents.The other challenge that researchers may encounter in collecting quantitative data is limited resources. Some quantitative data requires robust and expensive equipment so as to a nalyze the data appropriately and lack of enough resources

The Coaching Philosophy of Dr. Jack Ramsay Assignment

The Coaching Philosophy of Dr. Jack Ramsay - Assignment ExampleHe was able to stick good results in his first major role as a coach, as he take the 76ers to three playoff appearances in four years, before moving on to do the same for the another NBA team, buffalo Braves. (Dave, 2013). During these coaching stints, he fine tuned his coaching skills and the related ism, and it was optimumly exhibited during his coaching of Portland Trail Blazers. When Ramsay landed on his job in Portland, Blazers had a very poor record, as they missed making to the playoffs and also could not came up with any positive winning streak in their short six year history. However, Ramsay with his optimal coaching methods plus philosophy, and by strongly imbibing those methods among a group of young and fresh individuals, do the Blazers a potent team in the 1977 season and led them to their maiden as well as their only NBA title till date. Ramsay conducted a stunning symphony of basketball that even now te stifies to the sort the game should be played. (Dave, 2013). Although, Ramsay was blessed with strong knowledge nigh the game of basketball, what made him successful was, he combined that skill with his good player or man-management skills. Cultivate a work value-system one and only(a) of the basic approaches he followed as bump of his coaching philosophy was cultivating a strong work ethic among the players, particularly regarding seaworthiness. Being a supremely fit person himself, who participated in grueling triathlon races, Ramsay was considered one of the proto(prenominal) coaches to stress the importance of physical fitness. He viewed general exercises like running, swimming and weight training, as a means to elevating the physical fitness of the basketball players, and thereby making them more agile, speedier and at the same term endowed with good stamina. In the book, Dr. Jacks Leadership Lessons Learned From a Lifetime in Basketball, Ramsay had this to say about fit ness regime including weight training, They not only focus on gaining strength, but also ready techniques for improving agility, speed, quickness, and stamina. There is an accepted theory that strength plus quickness equals power, and power translates into improved executing in every sport. (Ramsay, 2004, pg.105). Thus, he was of the opinion that bakshis fitness will result in peak performance from the players. Due to this opinion, he pushed the players to follow a strict fitness regime as part of a strong work ethic. He put his team through conditioning drills and took them seriously. (Dave, 2013). This cultivation of fitness centric work ethic reflected in the game plans formulated by Ramsay, and also positively in the performance of the players. Optimal fitness and the resultant agility as well as the speed of the players facilitated Ramsay to riding habit fast break as the first option. He didnt want his bigs to hold rebounds or slow the game. beguile it, turn, fire the out let, and get down the court. If the guards couldnt get a layup the center could fill the lane on the secondary break. (Dave, 2013). Thus, it is clear how his strong work ethic in relation to fitness provided good benefits to his teams. heartfelt communication Another key approach he adopted as part of his coaching philosophy is building or having good communication with the players. He developed his communication skills throughout his career by maximally interacting with his players, understanding them and even by learning from his mistakes in

The Health Care System in the United States Essay

The Health boot System in the coupled States - Essay ExampleBasic wholey, the government plays a vital role in the wellnesscare system. It is usually the policymaker and regulator of the health care system. It has formed entities to take care compliance with the current laws of the United States that affect and govern the healthcare industry. These entities include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug system (FDA). Health care is a basic human right and it is, therefore, the responsibility of the United States government to ensure that all citizens can access affordable and quality healthcare. According to Wolper (173), as a stakeholder in the health care system, the government plays various roles. It provides and ensures access to health care especially to the vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with disabilities. The government does this by building public hospitals that provide cheaper and quality medical care to all its c itizens. It supports the acquisition of new knowledge, regulates health care markets and develops and evaluates new health care technologies and practices. The government is known to be a very supportive stakeholder in the adoption of new technologies in medical care especially in the adoption of electronic health records. Government entities such as the FDA are also supercharged with the role of evaluating health care technologies and practices to ensure that they meet the safety laws set for the healthcare industry by the government.

An Analysis of the Use of Persuasive Appeal in David Foster Wallace's Essay

An psychoanalysis of the Use of Persuasive Appeal in David Foster Wallaces Kenyon College Commencement Address - Essay ExampleWallace makes utilisation of persuasive appeal by utilizing the components of ethos, logos, and pathos that readers become aware of as they devour this piece of writing. Mortensen (2004) affirms that, Aristotle defines ethos as the component that attains persuasion through the authors character when an audience listens to a speech and deems the vocaliser as credible. Ethos represents the authors integrity, respectability and influence and how the author uses these attributes to impress the audience. In addition, they relate to the behavior a author uses tone and style to communicate opinion or present an argument. Logos commute through reasoning by making use of logical arguments and evidence to support a writers stand. They score on facts and figures in supporting the speakers topic. Pathos achieves persuasion by stirring emotions among the audience (M ortensen, 2004). The authors ability to use these components creates text that captures the readers attention and encourages them to keep on reading. So how does Wallace appeal to his audience? Wallace applies all three components to persuade the audience however, logos and ethos are ofttimes prominent while pathos makes minor occurrences as the ensuing discussion highlights. Wallace starts by giving a short narration about two young fish who meet an anileer one wretched in the opposite direction. The older fish enquires on how they find the waters. The fish falsehood is a parable as it likens the fish to human beings. The author confirms this by saying I am not the immaterial old fish (The Wall Street Journal). Wallace was a respectable novelist and essayist from his previous works much(prenominal) as Infinite Jest and The Depressed Person nevertheless, he does not wish to bluff or present a near perfect image of himself. He avoids the know-it-all attitude that most mentors would convey. The story serves to leave the audience in suspense as it does not have a conclusion. Wallace confirms the suspense in the remark If, at this moment, you are worried that I plan to present myself here, as the wise old fish explaining what water is to you younger fish, please do not be (The Wall Street Journal, 2008). The suspense blends well with the rest of speech as Wallace proceeds to shed more light on the core group of his speech. The suspense provides a foundation for the entire speech and grabs the audiences attention as they soften to connect the story to the rest of the speech. Providing a conclusion to the story would only reveal too much to the audience. As a result, the rest of the speech would not be intriguing. In addition, Wallace uses the fish story to draw attention to how humans overlook the most apparent things in life in this case, these things are delineated by water which is a common and basic commodity.

Modern and Contemporary Poetry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Modern and coetaneous Poetry - Essay ExampleThe post World War 1 Western society tally to Elliot is not an integrated unit of individuals. In fact, it is just a heap of broken images (22), which suggests that the individuals are spaced from one another and fail to form a functional society. It is like the dead tree (23) that cannot stomach shelter to anyone. It reflects an awry state of society whose foundations have crumbled and its individuals are left alone.This line evokes an innate proneness of individuals to break away from the oppressive traditions of society and seek refuge in the mountains, where one can deterrent example the freedom of self. The effects of the First World War on society and individuals were irreparable and it has been portrayed by the gloomy imagery in this poem. Unreal City, / Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, (60-61)A quite depressing state of society that survives under the brown fog has been portrayed in these lines. It is quite possible that Elliot is metaphorically representing the society as the brown fog, which gives a sense of oppression and stagnation because this drapery of brown fog doesnt let in elucidation or fresh air. It is suffocating for the individuals to run low in such society that doesnt give them the freedom to grow.In the second poem, rats alley (115) could be a reference to modern society that has turned into a narrow place with no light or fresh air. It gives a sense of a place where the characters, values and lives of human beings are decaying. peerless also gets an impression that the society Elliot is talking about is so cold that it dampens the spirit and will of the individuals to shine on in their lives. But at my back in a cold blast I hear/ The rattle of the bones, and chuckle spread from ear to ear. (185-186)However, the individuals are still hoping and waiting for a result from the society they are living in

Proposal for Student Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal for learner Activity - Essay ExampleThis is because powerpoint grantations will only include the main points of the chapter and will patron the students quickly overview each chapter. At end of each chapter, they will be instructed to present their .ppt presentations in front of the whole class so that they get to better understand what they have learnt and may remove any confusions and doubts in the question-answer session at the end of each presentation. This will also help them develop their public speaking skills and gain confidence to speak in front of their class fellers and professor. another(prenominal) advantage is that they will be able to use powerpoint software to make complex presentations in future. This is all(prenominal) about integrating ICT (information and communication technology) in the classroom which fulfils the most modern needs of todays classrooms in terms of technology. Doing so will also empower the students because they will be able to pu zzle their knowledge and ask questions at the end of every presentation. Before implementing this intent, I will distribute a survey among the students to figure out what percentage of them wants to carry out my plan and how more of them are uncomfortable with idea. Those who will not be willing will be asked the reason and the issue will be solved at immediate basis. The only issue that comes to my mind is that some students may not be expert at using computers or the powerpoint software. Teachers will be arranged to give them some classes on this topic so that they are able to make their independent presentations. This is a prerequisite for the eventual taking over plan. I am well-suited to carry out this plan since I am very much move by the ICT concepts of todays technological world and I want to equip the students with the most sophisticated core of education and learning. ICT has a distinctive contribution to make to the aims of the national curriculum as a whole (Qualifi cations and Curriculum Authority). I am also interested to propose student activities for the Office of Student Life and will do my best to achieve my succession plans. The Office can surely confide me with funding for carrying out this plan because I possess character certificates from previous institutions and believe in that verity is the best policy. I am able to work on a collaborative platform with the fellow officers and can communicate effectively. I can pass on my ideas to others while convincing them with logics and sound arguments. I am also expert in clarifying technical concepts to the non-technical audience and that is why in this proposal I am taking into special consideration those students who are not expert in computers and am proposing that sessions will be arranged to help them out. My activity club will surely give many benefits to the Office and the university as a whole because its mission is to incorporate ICT tools in classrooms and improve student learnin g. The plan of introducing ICT in education is to enhance learning and educational activities of students and support the teaching process by means of computers, internet and the latest technologies (Siraj-Blatchford & Siraj-Blatchford 19). According to Saverinus Kaka, education heavens can be the most effective sector to anticipate and eliminate the negative impact of ICT. Technology (internet) in another side can be the most

Notes on Anil Essay Example for Free

Notes on Anil EssayHowever, he sees people outside and discovers the Headmans associ ingest, Marimuthu intermission a woman, at which he is traumatised. The next day, the body has been taken down and we learn that it is Marimuthus wife. However, Marimuthu is belie that his wife has commited suicide. Anil tells the village the Headman that he saw Marimuthu kill the woman and the Headman goes by to talk to Anils spicyher roughly him. In the next section, we learn that Anil is be sent to school (a great opportunity) but it is so that the Headman can cover up his fellows actions as a murderer. At the end, both father son explore their decisions and whether they made the right/wrong choice given the consequences. The last scene shows the Headman his brother, the Headman smiling at his brother and the brother showing relief that they got away with it. Form Omniscient narrator allows us to learn the feelings of distributively of the characters an overview of the story. Short story bildungsroman shows the character growing up/maturing when he learns the nature of good/evil and something about morality, I will never forget this township and the sin that it buries today.As a child, we believe in right wrong and that sins are punished. However, he learns that there is not always justice in the world, and in fact sin is metaphorically buried. Epiphany as above I will never forget this town and the sin that it buries today. (line 216. ) Structure Lines 93-95- powerful visual- cinematic description of the body shocks us- climax shocking so premature in the story. Lines 41- 60- the boys fears are presented father, fear of the dark, mosquito, ghosts- source uses one word lines to reflect the tension, They.Peyi. Pesase. Ghosts. - excessively Dare he? - the omniscient narrator draws us into Anils mind. Lines 159-160- the second section is use to describe the aftermath where Anil finds himself accusing the murderer, You killed her. We are left on a cliff-hanger as we extol what the consequences will be, about this son of yours. See epiphany is form. Lines 198-202- we are now given Ragunathans perspective and the writer presents his confused shame as Anil is sent away. Language Lines 1-14 (opening paragraph) heat is emphasised to create a claustrophobic and confined setting, hot, sweltering- contrasts with the image of the school principal Anil watches, a small star shone as his dreams set him apart (omniscient narrator allows us to see Anils perspective and draws us to him. ) Lines 21-31- physical details of mother reinforce the heat and discomfort/pain of the setting and their lives, wet patch layers of fat- a childs view amuses us Wheee the fly slid down but is mixed with the authentic pain/violence/abuse the bruisewhere Appa had hit her. Lines 69- 74- symbolism of the tree- from childish view a tree that ate little children. To shocking reality They were hanging a woman.Lines 222- end- the worm simile used to d escribe how Marimuthu views the acquire/the truth within Anil reflects the relief he feels at having escaped justice- the heat of his wifes injustice distorts the train and makes the image sinister, but even more sinister to the reader is the shadow of a smile which hints that all is under control again. How to use PETER for analysis P- The writer uses a star at the beginning of the story and after the climax of the murder to highlight Anils artlessness and isolation, E- silencing the sobs that wracked his little body, as a star shimmered above. T- The repeated symbolism of the star as well as the alliteration of silencing the sobs and star shimmered E- draws our attention to his vulnerability and perhaps loss of innocence as he witnesses such a crime. R- We cannot help but feel pity for Anils character as we packet his pain and terror. O- create your own other interpretation here.

Gathering Blue Essay Example for Free

Gathering Blue undertakeKira was born(p) into a world ruled by the Council of Guardians, which spared her life when she was but an infant and her beget and her mothers beginwho was the chief guardianpleaded with them to spare her life instead. Now that her mother has died, her father eaten by beasts before she was born, and her possessions taken to an aggressive wo man named Vandara, Kira wonders about her future and her life now, being alone.However, because of her special, magical genius in artwork and needlecraft, Jamison of the Council of Guardians looks at her with favor, offering her a special place and task of keeping and innovation the Singers robe. On the other hand, her young friend, Thomas, whose parents have also departed, and who has a special talents in woodwork, would take care of keeping the Singers staff. An old woman, Annabella, helps and teaches Kira in the art of dyeing.However, Annabella dies indemnify after Kira hears beasts in the forest, and Kira and sluggishness suspect that maybe their parents died under the direction of the Council of Guardians, peculiarly after Matt hears a frightened girl named Jo crying from the Edifice of the Guardians. By the time of the Gathering, Thomas follows Kira to her room where the designer has prepared a special gift to herher father whom she thought was already deceased yet her father narrates that he was blinded right after Jamison, his political rival, struck him from behind and then left him for dead.Kira leaves the hamlet to start a virgin life with her father. Theme At first it appears that people who are born with a defect or an illness can never help the society, but the opposite appears to be true children of imperfection can also possess special talents that make them unique and valuable to the society. individualized Response Writer Lois Lowry is a magnificent writer I understood perfectly how it is to be hate in a community where defects and imperfection are enough reasons to be neglected and left to die.I enjoyed reading the vivid scenes, but the part I enjoyed most is when Kira meets her father, who appeared to be a blind man struck by Jamison, whom I did not suspect would be anything but good. Lois Lowry has a talent in bringing suspense to the fullest, making the reader jump in anticipation to another scene that would be anything except boring. It made me think that culture and traditions have a way of ruling people especially children. Instead of helping people out, certain old traditions are taking their life out. Extension Ideas What do you think are the talents that you possess?Express it with the use of art. Do you have certain talents that, you believe, should be honor and harnessed? Make a list of them and then classify them if they are under the weak, medium, or substantial categories. Kira tried her best to fight for her life and her rights. What do you think would you have done if you were put on Kiras shoes? At the end of the story, Jamison is left in his world, while Kira and her father leaves and searches for a new and better world. What would you do to Jamison if you were one of the members of the Council of Guardians? Explain in the form of a narrati

Context whose reality Essay Example for Free

Context whose reality screenThe reality that we create is unique to our own experiences. What is real? What is reality? The notion of reality is inextricably linked to the subjectivity of individual human existence. Reality is defined as the state of being real what we end perceive through our senses. In essence, reality is viewed differently by each individual, through the intensity of his/her other(prenominal) experiences, values, emotions and perspective. Consider this, three device men all touch a different part of the elephant further are unable to recognize that it is indeed an elephant. Based on their own subjective impressions, thoughts and feelings, each fetch at different conclusions.The man who touched the trunk, tell it was a snake the man who touched its belly, said it was a wall. And the man who felt the elephants tusk, and said it was a sp auricle and another felt its ear and said it was like a hand fan. All of the men were in heated disagreement. The story of the elephant and the blind man is a popular proverb in Buddhist mythology. The blind men all make inferences about the object based on their assumptions, their biases and prior experiences. The blind men were dependent upon different spheres of percept.Our perception is determined and skewed by environmental variables that refract events according to what kind of person we are and the events that hold up led us to believe what is real. The three blind men in this anecdote held pieces of the truth, determined by their lack of experience which had caused them failure to perceive the whole picture. The process of perception shows that many individuals can be mistaken. The simple fact is that the way people process reality is subject to interpretation. It depends upon the individuals prospect and past experiences at point in time. POWERED BY TCPDF (WWW. TCPDF. ORG)

Religion and So-called German Christians Essay Example for Free

theology and So-called German Christians EssayReligion continues to be genius of the most influential forces in the world. It has been seen to provide great peace and harmony to entrustrs, but it has also been the receive if not an actual reason for some of historys greatest fights. It stinkpot be used as confession from leading of war, can it also serve as an instrument of resolution as well?Religion has come to be a much stronger force than any material incentives. It is far better at directing positive behaviour towards social betterment than any laws or physical force. For instance, Ghandi and M artworkin Luther King Jr conducted non-violent protests ground upon religious beliefs. Religion can also be used to help bring people together as they are more willing to work together. By contrast, places that reject religion, such as radical France, communist Russia and China, or Nazi Ger umpteen are often actually brutally oppressive. However, it is not always the case . For example, Iran a country where religion is so prevalent is equally as oppressive as these countries.Incidentally, religion can be very dangerous because it can and has been used to fairify horrific acts. Crusaders not only killed many Muslims, they also massacred many Jews and Eastern Christians in the solve of attempting to win control of the Holy Land. Adolf Hitlers followers among them the so-called German Christians were believers in their Fuhrer. The Inquisition carried out its torture in the name of God. Religion should never be involved in politics because it can then be used as an instrument of control.However, in places where religion develops freely and people have free access to places of worship, it provides people with a sense of want, praying serves as therapy and members of a congregation feel a sense of community and friendship. Some of the greatest works of art were created in the name of God. Furthermore, Woodrow Wilson suggested that a strong affinity ex ists between religious commitment and patriotism. Love of country, just like the love of God certainly inspires good deeds but not always.Furthermore, religion whitethorn have led to the creation of the worlds finest art, but it has also caused its destruction. Religion can be a obtain of extreme nationalism. In Christianity, Islam and Judaism, God is described as mighty warrior, just king and righteous judge. He apparently punished the unjust, the unrighteous and the disobedient. The idea that a nation is the instrument of Gods will has led to war and the subjugation of people viewed as ungodly. Fundamentalism clouds everything. There is a need to be right and superior, which develops an ego and at a time we fall foul to it, we are lost.Conversely, biblical commandments are the basis of westward ethical and legal systems. It has seen to determine us tolerance for people with early(a) beliefs and opinions. Usually believers are more peaceful, law-abiding and tolerant than the n on-believers in the world. Some people need it psychologically and without it may step to extremism such as suicide or anarchy.However, some live in a delusion and in a constant state of dexterous dishonesty. Some people, who are so far devout in their own beliefs, use them to beat other beliefs and religious groups into submission. Religions like Islam justify holy wars against the unfaithful, meaning those of other religions. This can also be seen in the violence of the crusades launched by Christians in the medieval period and by later wars between Protestant and Catholic. spectral conviction like the extremist Hindu groups against Christians and Muslims in India has paved the way for the terrorist attacks in New York metropolis on September eleventh 2001. Religious clashes have led to some of the most heinous humane behaviour in recorded history.Western states grew as a result of religion and religious philosophy. Western European and North American societies are still based on Protestant ideals of diligence, thrift and moderation. The very existence of theocratic state, proves that governments in these states are much more stable than regimes in secular countries because leaders are viewed as appointed by God. Political stability, in turn, leads to economic welfare.Despite this, Theocratic states befit totalitarian regimes because they are based upon obedience to a ruler who is seen as Gods representative rather than a democratic constitution. They may be stable but they are not essentially concerned with their peoples welfare. By prioritising religious imperatives over economic development and by their intolerance of the questionable types who drive economic process states like Iran have become corrupt, authoritarian and poor.In conclusion, I believe that religion provides many opportunities and hope for those who have nothing else to turn to, it helps bring unity and sometimes peace into communities. However, I also believe that it has become a perv ersion of the redemptive message of Jesus, by so-called devout humans use their beliefs to ruin and destroy the lives of many others. I myself am agnostic and am very open-minded.

Nature verses nurture Essay Example for Free

Nature verses nurture try outThe nature versus nurture debate is an argument over whether nature plays a primary role in the development of an individual (heredity), or the environment (nurture). Nature, as understood by Psychologists, refers to physical characteristics that ar biologically contractable, such as the color of skin, eye or texture of hair. Nurture on the other hand, refers to environmental influences after conception, such as our experiences (McLeod 2011). The debate has been disputable and ongoing for decades Psychologists sustain tried to determine whether a persons development is predisposed by DNA or his environment. So the questions exists, is it inherited ingredient or is it the driving force such as upbringing and nurturing from parents and caregivers that influences a child to grow up to become a lawyer, doctor, or a professional athlete. Both theories are essentially at diametral ends of the spectrum. Those who adopt an extreme hereditary approach ( nativists) are of the belief that the characteristics or the human specie are a product of evolution and that our individual differences are due to the unique genetic makeup of the individual.At the opposite end of the spectrum, are environmentalists (empiricists) who believe that at birth the human mind is a inane slate that during development is gradually filled with our experiences (McLeod, 2007). In this paper we will look to two studies exploring the controversial nature versus nurture debate, make comparisons between them and discuss the conclusion of each learn. John Bowlby (1907-1990) was a psychoanalyst who believed that mental health and lookal problems could be attributed to early childhood.In his evolutionary possible action of Attachment certain after World War II, he suggests that children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others, as this is a means of survival. According to his original theory, infants have a universal need to seek close propinquity with their caregiver. He observed that children experience intense distress when separated from their mothers and this shaped his belief that there is a fundamental link between early infant separations with the mother and later maladjustment (McLeod, 2009).Many subsequent theories have developed in throw of this theory Rudolph Schaffer and Peggy Emerson in 1964, studied 60 babies at monthly intervals for the premier(prenominal) 18 months of life. The children were all studied in their own home and involved visiting the babies monthly for some ace year. During this time, the caregivers were interviewed and all interactions with the babies were observed (McLeod, 2009). In contrast, Albert Bandura developed the friendly Learning Theory in support of the nurture debate.He believed that people learn from each other through the process of observation, imitation and mannequining. In 1961 he conducted an experiment called the Bobo doll test, to investigate if social behaviors can be acquired by imitation. The methodology of his study involved testing 36 boys and girls from the Stanford University Nursery School between the ages of three and six years. One manlike and female person adult role model was chosen to demonstrate fast-growing(a) behavior. 24 boys and girls were allowed to watch a role model behaving aggressively towards a toy called a Bobo doll. The adults were told to attack the doll in deadly way, using hands, feet, weapons, or abusive language. Another 24 children were exposed to a non-aggressive model and the final 24 children were used as a controlled group and not exposed to any model or aggressive behavior at all. All the children were tested individually through three stages modeling, invasion arousal and slow down imitation (McLeod, 2011). When the two studies are compared, many differences can be identified, but only a fewer similarities. In twain studies, the subjects used were children.The researchers used an observational approach to undertake their study, the results of which support each theory. During both studies, the subjects were observed during normal activities and their behaviors evaluated through a series of stages. The first identifiable difference between studies was the eccentric person of study undertaken. A longitudinal study was undertaken in The Attachment Theory. It was conducted over a period of 18 months while the loving Learning Theory was an experiment conducted over one day using matched pairs design.The secondment difference between studies was where they took place the Attachment Theory studied infants in their own homes, while the loving Learning Theory conducted the experiment in a play nursery. Children at different ages were used in both studies from birth to 18 months in the Attachment Theory, and from three to six years in the Social Learning Theory. In the Social Learning Theory experiment, all the children were pre-tested for aggression before th e behavior was introduced to one group. No behavior was introduced in the Attachment Theory study, infants were observed in their normal routine and nonchalant interactions.One final observable difference between the studies was that a controlled group was used in the Bobo shuttlecock Experiment of The Social Learning Theory, while no controlled group was used in the Attachment Theory study (McLeod 2009, 2011). The Attachment Theory study results indicate that babies develop attachment in the following sequence (1) up to three months of age where the baby responds equally to any caregiver, (2) after four months where there is a preference for certain people, (3) after seven months where there is a special preference for a individual(a) attachment figure, (4) and after nine months where they develop multiple attachments.The conclusion of the study proved babies look to ill-tempered people for security, comfort and protection. Fear and unhappiness is shown when separated from tha t special person. According to the study the most classic thing in forming attachment is not who feeds and changes the child, but who plays and communicates with him or her (McLeod, 2009). In the second study, the Bobo Doll Experiment findings supported Banduras Social Learning Theory.Children learn social behavior such as aggression through the process of observation learning, i.e. watching the behavior of another person. During the experiment the children exposed to the violent model tended to follow the exact behavior they had observed when the adult left the room. The children in the non-aggressive group behave little aggressively than those in the control group, and boys behaved more aggressively than girls. The study also showed that boys who observed an adult male behaving violently were more influenced than those who had observed a female model aggressive behavior.Boys were more likely to imitate physical acts of violence, while girls were more likely to imitate verbal ag gression (McLeod, 2011). Many experts believe today, that behavior and development are influenced by both nature and nurture one does not exist without the other. some(prenominal) psychologists believe that learning continues even through adulthood. While few people take the extreme inherited or extreme environmental approach, researchers and experts are now consumed with the degree to which biology and environment influence behavior. References McLeod, S. A. (2011).Albert Bandura/ Social learning theory- Simply psychology. Retrieved 10/01/2013 from http//www. simplypsychology. org/baddura. html McLeod, S. A. (2009). Attachment Theory Simply psychology. Retrieved 10/04/2013 from http//www. simplypsychology. org/attachment. html McLeod, S. A. (2011). Bobo Doll Experiment- Simply psychology. Retrieved 10/03/2013 from http//www. simplypsychology. org/bobo-doll. html McLeod, S. A. (2011). Nature Nurture in Psychology- Simply psychology. Retrieved 10/05/2013 from http//www. simplypsych ology. org/naturevsnurture. html.

Egyptian Sculptures Essay Example for Free

Egyptian Sculptures EssayThe Metropolitan museum of New York for Egyptian collection houses a wide array of Egyptian sculptures that carry with them the history of the Egyptian people that also reflect the background knowledge of ancient civilization. Examples of prominent Egyptian sculptures include the Statue of a Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra and the Plaque with classical allegiance to Isis, Serapis and Apollo by Komon. The statue of the Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra is originally from Egypt and is reported to have been in existence around the Ptolemaic period or later. It dates mingled with 170 B. C or later. It is made of medium limestone with a balance of 62. 2cm in height, 19. 7cm in width and a breadth of 14. 6 cm. The statue is also credited by the museum to be a gift of Joseph W. Drexel in 1889 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2010). The statue of the Ptolemaic Cleopatra embodies a queen, probably Cleopatra, holding a cornucopia. The third daughter of King Ptolemy the 12th Auletes, Cleopatra VII Philopator was born in January of 69 BC and died on the month of August 30 BC (Greek discussion Study, para.1). She was the queen of ancient Egypt and the concluding member of the Ptolemy Dynasty who marked the last Hellenistic monarchy of Egypt. The Greek sacred scripture Study explains that scorn the fact that many other queens of Egypt were know by the same name, she is simply referred to as Cleopatra as the identities of her predecessors have been forgotten with time. Cleopatra is a Greek news that means fathers glory.On the other hand Cleopatra Thea Philopator stands for The Goddess Cleopatra, Beloved of Her Father (Greek Bible Study, para. 2). In the entire 300 year old dynasty that saw the rule of Cleopatra, she was the scarce one up to(p) to learn the Egyptian language (para. 4). Cleopatra ruled Egypt with her father and later on her brothers whom she end up marrying onward gaining sole leadership as Pharaoh (Greek Bible Study, para. 5). Toget her with Caesar, a Roman ruler, she bore a parole, Caesarion who ended up being co-ruler.She took her own life when Caesars legal heir Octavian led Rome against Egypt (Greek Bible Study, para. 6). She clearly demonstrated great dedication towards leadership and created a lasting impact to not only Egypt but also the world. The Egyptian plaque containing Greek dedication to Isis, Apollo and Serapis by Komon is alleged to have pass from the Macedonian and Ptolemaic period during the reign of Ptolemy the fourth and fifth betwixt 210 and 204 BC. The plaque is made of marble and measures 27.95 by 17. 5 cm. It is also claimed to have been a gift of Joseph Drexel in 1889 (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2010). The Greek inscription on the plaque reads In behalf of King Ptolemy, the great god, Philopator, savior and winner of victory, and his son Ptolemy, to Isis, Serapis, Apollo Komon, son of Asklepiades, oeconomus at Naukratis (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2010). Cleopatra is a hous ehold name in the analysis of leadership in Egyptian dynasties.She lived her life as a tough ruler and was elevated to the position of Pharaoh despite being a woman which shows her great leadership abilities and the added zeal to rule over Egypt. This is seen by her becoming co-ruler beside her father despite having brothers. She is an icon of great leadership and bravery to Egyptian culture and the rest of the world. The existing short outdo and apparent interactions between Greece and Egypt made it necessary for Ptolemy, a Greek King to create proficient relationships between the Greeks and the Egyptians (Norfleet, para.1). The dedication of King Ptolemy through Komon to Isis, Apollo and Serapis by means of his writings of the marble plaque is an indication of good will around the Ptolemy reign between King Ptolemy and Isis, Serapis and Apollo. It can also be explained to be a declaration of power through his annunciation of his powers. Such initiatives may be claimed to have br ought tranquility between the Ptolemy reign and other kingdoms. At around 120 AD, Ptolemy introduced the Serapis religion that improved the ties between Greek and Egypt. kit and boodle Cited Greek Bible Study. A Brief History of Queen Cleopatra. (2010). Retrieved on sixth May 2010 from http//www. biblestudy. org/biblepic/cleopatra. hypertext mark-up language Norfleet, Phil. Platonism, Paganism and Early Christianity. (2010). Retrieved on 6th May 2010 from http//www. mozilla. com/en-US/firefox/central/ The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Works of Art, 2010. Retrieved on 6th May 2010 fromhttp//www. metmuseum. org/works_of_art/collection_database/egyptian_art/listview. aspx? page=2sort=0sortdir=asckeyword=fp=1dd1=10dd2=0

New Product Launch Marketing Plan Essay Example for Free

New Product Launch Marketing Plan try onOur company is Audi AG. Audi is headquartered in Germany and is a subsidiary of Volkswagen since 1966. Founded in 1909 by automotive pioneer August Horch, Audi specializes in high end and luxurious automobiles (Audi Club North America Northeast , 2014). Audis cars collection is comprised of sedan, SUVs, convertible, coupe, diesel motor and hybrids. Audi is one of the three biggest luxury cars companies in the world. Our plan is to launch our saucyest headlamps technology along with thousands of new cars round the globe. The automobile market is driven by technology and Audi end to be the premium brand (Audi Ag, 2014).We intent to do so, by delighting our customers worldwide (Audi Ag, 2014). Safety is the number one decision motivator when purchasing a car regardless of w here(predicate) you stick up and Audi wants to capitalize on that.To predict our consumers buying impulses, we entrust swan on social, cultural and personal factor s (Kotler Keller, 2012).Now is the opera hat time to launch much(prenominal) a harvest-feast as bulk drive more and more due in part to recent planes crashes and disappearance. By do night rides safer, Audi intent to gain an edge against its competitors and step-up annual gross sales. Germany and the USA give be our insertion platform. We intend to maximize our sales by putting together a strong advertising elbow grease.We exit be utilizing social media like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, we go away excessively advertise via tele pile, radio, billboard, etc. Our advertising team is self-possessed of Me Philippe Biboum, Kevin Mobley, Kirkland Browne, Dana Cannon, Tameika Mclean and Johanna Gutierrez. We are highly qualified and we seduce combined over twenty yrs of experience in this field. Here are the components of our plan.Executive summarySituational digestMarket appendage authority and competitive analysisSegmentation, target market, and positioningPricing an d distribution st pass judgmentgiesMarketing communication planFinancial information(including forecasting demand, break-even, sales, promotional budget, and selling expense) Intended marketing objectives for Y1, Y2, and Y3Evaluation and control metrics and methodology to measure procedure calamity planningSituational AnalysisThe Audi of America News Channel (2014) website stated that in July 2014, Audi increased its sales by 11.9%. This represents the 43rd consecutive record sales for our brand. The launch of our new headlights technology entrust increase sales even more. Germany and America bequeath be our test launch and we are confident that it leave be a success. Our target markets are rich men and women as well as families. Our harvest-home impart be sold to e really individual who is able to procure and maintain a luxury car. We have a wide collection of cars to leave behind fit everyone lifestyle. In terms of demography, our product aims at people between the age of 25 and 60 who have a lot of money. We recently have been fashioning cheaper car to capture the consumers less than 25 years of age. Audi is aware of the fact that gender, family status and age capture car buying, that is why we create certain models fit younger generation like the A6, SUVs and sedan for families and coupe for unity people.Geographically speaking, Audi knows that car buying differ according to the location. Our product get out be appealing to individuals who live in the outskirts of big cities, or deep in the country beca engage they often have to drive on lanes that are not well lit. Social class, personalities and lifestyles divide the market into psychographic segmentations. Audis cars are aimed at upper social classes. We target individual who like a flashy lifestyle and want to direct their wealth because we know they can afford the technology. About the market growth, we know that in that respect is a enquire for a product such as our new headlights. According to the route Loss Data be (HLDI), good quality headlights are one of the best ways to avoid car crashes ( restitution Institute for Highway Safety, 2012). The recentplane crashes along with airfare are parkway people to drive more and more. We know we will increase our sales as long as we have a strong marketing campaign to advertise our product.SWOT analysisOne of the strength here is that our product provides a safer nighttime driving experience for drivers who do long distance driving. The woo to add the get will increase the purchase price of the vehicle and this is a weakness. An opportunity could be the effective utilization of marketing approaches will stand by to determine market need (i.e. surveys) and gain a competitive advantage (promotion, placement/positioning. Audis competitors such as BMW, Mercedes Benz, etc. can use the same or similar product if there is no patent on the development of the product and this is a threat to our bottom line. Our key to success here is to move to consumer demand by creating a product they want and need. That product is the new headlights technology. This product will separate us from our competition because it is an innovation, it will help save lives and increase our bottom line.Market growth potentialAudis goal is to slowly integrate their LED headlight technology into all of their vehicles. They will begin by installing them in higher-level class of vehicles as an upgrade option. Brighter, longer lasting headlight bulbs will reduce the cost of replacing regular bulbs, and brighter headlights will increase driver visibleness at night. Audi expects competitors to install similar devices in their vehicles however, Audi believes their version is longer lasting, brighter and safer for Audi drivers as well as, new(prenominal) drivers on the road. matched AnalysisThe automobile industry is fiercely competitive in the United States as well as, internationally. In 2006-2008, the automobile industry su ffered a significant financial loss, especially the big three in Detroit. external automobile manufacturers took advantage and saw growth. While some Asian and European manufacturers also suffered, many upgraded base models to entice buyers to purchase their product. Automakers did what they could to gain the upper hand against their competitors. Audi was no different, distinguishing a drop in sales during this time. For many customers, preventative, reliability, andfuel efficiency are increasingly important, more so than flash, speed, and power. The safety and visibility of an Audi driver is a priority Audi is attempting to increase.SegmentationThe market segmentation has spate, but distinct parts geographical, psychographic, and demographic. Audi will use geographical sales statistics to determine where sales are highest. Introducing upgrades and changes to Audi vehicles to the customers who buy them more frequently will benefit Audi and satisfy customer demand. Audi is respo nding to increasing customer demand for safety therefore, increasing driver visibility satisfies customer demand. Moreover, the longer lasting, brighter headlights benefit teen and elderly drivers who may become easily distracted or have difficulty seeing at night. The increase in safety may also hang accidents, which will make insurance companies happy.Target MarketAudi is not specifically targeting one particular base however, brighter lights will benefit drivers with limited experience or with poor vision or night vision the most. Elderly drivers are more likely to benefit from brighter headlights to increase their visibility at night. The headlight boast is not limited to elderly drivers though, all drivers can benefit from the safety feature. Audi expects high customer gladness and will eventually implement the LED headlight in all of their models. Any driver pertain for safety is part of the market Audi is targeting. Longer lasting lights means less maintenance cost, and brighter lights means other drivers can see the Audi sooner, and the Audi driver can see the road or and any debris in the road, sooner.PositioningPositioning is important, and precise placement of the headlight translates to better driver visibility. However, regardless of how bright or long lasting the headlight is, defensive, non-distractive driving is key to reduce traffic accidents and avoiding road hazards. Moreover, the ability to see an item in the road sooner will help the driver prevent a striking however, failure to pay attention to the road will increase the potential for at-fault accidents and collisions. While many immure some features as unnecessary, brighter, longer lasting headlights is a product Audi feelsconfident implementing, and confident customers will respond in an overwhelmingly positive way.Pricing DistributionWhen looking at pricing and distribution there are several factors to be considered. The wholesalers will always calculate its prices by adding th e cost of the product itself (headlights), wages involved in the production, the overheads and cost to deliver such. Then, after the wholesaler calculates a apt mark-up, the product will then be sold to Audi. It is then Audis job to make the best out of this product by the promotion it carries out. Before Audi agrees to any business with a headlight manufacturer Audi strategizes and plans a how to price and distribute. Audi is a well-known luxurious vehicle where they now will have an added feature to promote safety.The sales potential are very high as we are targeting those that enjoy road trips, those that are behind the wheel for extended amount of hours. Audi then has to reanalyze its decision and consider losses, what if this does not work, how this will impact our business, what are other cost effective routes we can take. These are all considerations Audi has to take into symbolise if the brighter headlights for their vehicles do not create more sales. This is going to be c onsidered as a standard on all of Audi vehicles, it is not an add on feature Audi plans of charging extra for.Marketing Communication PlanAudi believes in its product. Before a company can be successful it must build its own awareness. Audi has built that awareness Every day you see accidents caused by poor visibility due to poor lighting. Audi will use this to their advantage when marketing and communication to its customers and potential customers the advantages of Audis new improved headlights. Furthermore, it is advantageous for Audi to focus the fact that the price tag of the vehicles have not changed due to the improved and upgraded headlights. Audi has been dedicated to communicate to its customers, potential customers and competitors that they have the solution for accidents caused by poor visibility due to poor lighting. They are advertising this finished every mean of communication possible. Then internet/ media is a huge marketing communication source, the radio, newsp apers, billboards, and the familiar itself by word of mouth. When drivingon the road if you see an Audi vehicle you will see the contravention in their bright headlights when compared to other vehicles.Asserting the fact that you communicate with all of your customers and potential customers plays a life-sustaining part in how successful this will be. Audi has identified families and one of their targets and this is the main target we are communicating our new product to. Audi has partnered and ne dickensrked with different sources such as safety programs and/ or famous people, have also taken it a step ahead by recording infomercials on highways, dark roads and valleys to exhibition its costumers the strength behind the new headlights their vehicles have. Audi has been servicing consumers upwards of one hundred plus years and Audi intends on being a provider until the end of time in order to stay relevant in the automotive industry Audi is aware of the evolving of automobiles. Audi has done its research throughout the years and through the years consumer safety has remained the number one factor when building an effective brand.Audi has continued to serve the consumer while remaining at the head of its class of Luxury automobiles. In past research through the National Highway commerce Administration Audi found that one of the major issues of car accidents within the United States stemmed from blinding headlights (NHTA, 2013). The new product that Audi seeks is to install the LED headlights with objectives based around consumer safety first as well as profits. The objectives provided focused on the product from beginning to end starting from year one when Audi began searching for the new product to elevate the company. Audi will definitely captivate its target audience as well as reach its sales growth, once it begins manufacturing the product and getting the products in its show rooms.Objectives yr 1 immaculate research on issues surrounding vehicle safe tyFind the issue and find a product that will assist in increasing consumers comfort when drivingFind target audienceYear 2build a Safe brand to suite consumers needsimplement the strategy in vehicles that target our initial consumer market (families) seek profits of upwards of 10-15 percent within the first year Year 3Implement products in remaining vehicle models that service all consumers. Seek to increase Revenue another 10 to 30 percentBegin research on new product to assist with current featuresFinancial InformationIt is imperative that the financial outlook of Audi for 2014 is predicated on the prior performance drivers. In 2013, the Audi A4, A6, Q5, and Q7 experienced increased sales from the previous years over the other vehicle models. The A4 and A6 travel to the sedan category and the Q5 and Q7 are in the SUV/crossover category. That being said, it is forecasted that these same vehicle categorys sales will continue to increase in 2014. Therefore, the introductory marketi ng of the new headlight designs should be donned in the aforementioned vehicle models.Moving forward, the following financial data, to include forecasted demand, sales, break-even point sales/units, and marketing/promotional budget expense, shall represent the four top selling vehicle models. Audi is looking to increase tax revenue by four percent annually over the next three years. With the addition of the enhanced headlights, Audi believes the intercommunicate forecasts will be successful. Figures A D illustrate the proposed forecasts for each vehicle.Figure A.Figure B.Figure C.Forecasted Break-Even smudge AnalysisFigure D.Evaluation and Control MetricsUtilizing control metrics to measure the success rate of employed strategies is a very important aspect of the marketing plan. Ensuring the success of the chosen methods of marketing is compulsory to determine if changes should be and/or can be made to increase revenue. There are a variety of metrics tools that can be used to b enchmark marketing data, but identifying four ofthem will suffice for this particular analysis.1 Market Size the number of units sold to a market in a specific period of time (1 year). 2 Market Share the number of units sold in a specific period of time that represents a percentage of the entire market size. 3 brandmark Awareness Actual and potential customers being able to identify the Audi brand. 4 customer Satisfaction Customers perception of Audis product and service delivery. (www.dobney.com, p.4-25).Contingency PlanningThe contingency plan for Audi headlights is very simple. As headlights are already used on every make and model, these advances in technology are not the reinvention of the wheel. These changes propose no danger to the continued success of Audis business operations. We will restrain for a patent which will protect our new LED technology and lighting design for two years, and we actively pursue all copyright infringement to prevent any future instances. As it is essential that after the two year protected period that others will follow our lead we will use those two years to develop new designs with respect to LED lighting that will not except increase safety, but will also define Audis brand by a opthalmic representation contained in our headlight assembly. A lighted trademark if you will.Our definition of success with respect to contingency planning will be to defend our position for the first two years while growing a trademarked light design for all future Audi models.ReferencesAnonymous. Understanding market metrics. Retrieved August 17, 2014 from http//www.dobney.com/ look/market_metrics.htmAUDI AG. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.audi.com/corporate/en/company/corporate-strategy.html Audi Club North America Northeast. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.neqclub.org/about-us/audis-history.html Audi of America News Channel. (2014). Retrieved from http//www.audiusanews.com/newsroom.dojsessionid=B4BD8EEE4DAD44DA49C746C83D80A7BE?i d=65allImage=1name=sales-newsmid=98 Insurance Institute for

Professional Educator Professionalism Essay Example for Free

Professional pedagogue Professionalism EssayProfessional development is an important aspect of an educators life. Without continuous development, there give be no true development. To enhance schoolmasterism, I will look for trainings and seminars enhancing my skills and participate in these activities. I net benefit from such seminars and trainings in two ways. One is by learning more closely educator lordism. Secondly, I bath network with other people and learn from their experiences as educators. Another fulfill item that I can include would be to consult books, websites and blogs on educator professionalism. By schooling the experiences of other educators, I can to a fault repulse a look at my own experiences and vomit through the lessons I learn. A realistic time line for monitoring my progress is one year. During this time, I will keep a personal journal detailing the lessons I learned and the progress I am making in connection with developing professionalism. Th rough this, I can have an empirical puppet for assessing my professional branch. This journal can in fact be online through a blog. This way, I can effectively use technology in enhancing my productivity, efficiency, and effectiveness in being an educator.Reflection and Professional approach As part of the journaling and blogging process, I can use reflection. I can look at my daily, each week and monthly experiences and reflect on my progress. Reflection is a very powerful tool because it allows me to look tush and take a look at my own professional practice, my own beliefs, my experiences and think about how these things collide with my thinking, my belief system and the way that I do my work. With the aid of my journal, I can write put through my thoughts. This way, I can benefit more greatly from my reflections and make necessary adjustments if needed.Reflections, after all, are deserving nothing if I do not make the necessary actions to make improvements. With reflectio n, I can also be satisfied with the result of my efforts. I can be further encouraged with the results of my efforts. The Importance of a Professional Growth Plan An old adage says that those who fail to plan are planning to fail. provision for professional growth is very important because it allows people to define their vision. Once they know their vision, they can put their heart and their efforts to it.It is similar to having a clear direction in mind. From such a direction, the map can be derived and will help a person navigate through the difficult road of professional growth. A professional growth plan also prescribes the course of action that a person has to take to make the most of his profession. It enables a person to set goals and the corresponding action he has to do to come through such goals. It also breaks down the vision into achievable goals and prevents him from being everyplacewhelmed and being overtaken by fear or hesitation.At first glance, a vision may see m impossible to achieve. But with goals and objectives, a professional can take one step at a time towards the eventual destination. On the contrary, without a professional growth plan, a person may simply do one thing after another and will end up just doing what he has done in the past over and over again. Over time, he becomes stagnant and eventually his skills will deteriorate. To avoid this scenario from happening, a professional growth plan is very much needed.

Plantation Mistress Essay Example for Free

Plantation Mistress EssayIn the book, Plantation Mistress (Clinton, 1984) by rootage Catherine Clinton, it seems that Clinton desires to express her disapproval for the manner in which women were treated so harshly. She talks about maids brought to our country during the category 1620 and in Clintons writing, it is extremely interesting how she gathered her information for this book from letters that were written so many years past, and even from diaries, suggesting that women from that ancient time period werent treated as equals in the deep South and in this slave era and time in our history, the author relays to her readers that there is endorse that cruelty did take place toward women and practices such as using females as workhorses shouldnt have been refreshing in any time period. Also, many of these women referred to as mistresses werent taken care of properly and didnt even receive the necessary and basic essentials, such as proper toiletries or food. They were trea ted care second class citizens and werent considered as good as men. We gather a new hold for maids as we read Clintons writing and feel regret for those who had to suffer because of neglect and misunderstanding. Clinton teaches us that both humans were created as equals and all women and the slaves from that same time period were regarded less than human. Its interesting to be able to read some of those old letters that were written so many years ago so that we have a greater appreciation for women who lived on these plantations in the deep South. REFERENCE foliateClinton, Catherine. (1984). Plantation Mistress. Pantheon.

Biological Explanations of Addiction Essay Example for Free

Biological Explanations of colony EssayThe biological model of addictions basic premise is that addiction is an illness that it is irreversible that you are each addicted or not (there are no slightly addicted various(prenominal)s) and that treatment must be medical.There are some models of biological addiction mainly because current psychological research suggests that distinct areas of the brain are involved in different addictions (quashing the idea of an addictive personality per say).In this search two biochemical theories will be discussed, plus the genetic model. The latter theory should not be seen as distinct from the biochemical theories as biologists would propose that any biochemical abnormalities that may predispose an individual to addiction are probably inherited. Thus studies looking at concordance rates of addictions in families, jibe and adopted children would support all three of the models being discussed.One of the most popular theories of addiction is to do with the neurotransmitter Dopamine. Dopamine is involved with our pleasure/reward system. Anything we do of our volition that is pleasurable increases Dopamine. It is the release of dopamine that makes us feel Euphoria/pleasure. Drugs such as Cocaine, Alcohol and Heroin make Dopamine receptors release marvellous amounts of Dopamine, so the user may feel intense pleasure. This however, does not explain addiction as many people drink or recreationally use cocaine and dont become addicts. The main idea of the theory is that individuals biologically susceptible to addiction have more sensitive Mesolimbic/ reward pathways in their brain, e.g. drugs may have a more profound (wow factor) on their Dopamine receptors.Another theory that may work alone or in conjunction with the Reward theory is that individuals with addictions may naturally produce low levels of Serotonin. Serotonin is theme to be a major factor in controlling our behaviour. So most of us evict get drunk overeat etc but not repeat the behaviour compulsively. This is because our Serotonin levels are stable. It is opinion that individuals with low levels may not be able to exercise control. There is support for this idea, e.g. low levels of serotonin are correlated with compulsive suicide, homicide, Bulimia and ADHD.Another suggestion has been that there is a genetic base for developing an addiction. Although a specific gene has not been found, there is plenty of research that shows high levels of concordance between families who are addicted to alcohol (Sarafino), Nicotine (Agrawal and Lynskey, Heroin (Devaux and Krebs) and Fowler (see Erika Cox book). However like all correlational studies this kind of research cannot imply cause. The concordance could be caused by environmental factors or social learning. supererogatory support for the biochemical theories comes from MRI and PET scans, animal studies using agonists and antagonists and invasive brain techniques on animals, such as neuro toxins where Dopamine receptors are removed.

Female Leaders And Transformational Leadership Management Essay

Fe man c be Leaders And Transformational Leadership Management EssayAs the number of females in management aim increase in recent years, their leadinghiphip style and the subordinates bearing ar worth investigated. Among all leadinghip styles, most female drawing cards choose transformational attracters. As express by Powell (2004), when female draws use transformational lead style, they will be evaluated more favorably than male leaders. The reason behind is that transformational leadership is more associated with the feminine than masculine gender stereotype. The women transformational leaders also start out different air in arrogance and lead to different team in effect(p)ness and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).Transformational leadershipThe concept of transformational leadership was first introduced by Burns (1978)iistating that transformational leadership is a process which leaders and pursuit help each other to advance to a high(prenominal) level of morale and motivation. bass (1985)iiifurther developed Burnss concept that transformational leadership entailed establishing oneself as a role model by inviteing followers perpetrate and confidence. Transformational leaders state future goals, develop plans to achieve those goals, and innovate, even when their organization is generally successful. Transformational leaders atomic number 18 idealized that they ar a moral example of working towards the benefit of the team, organization and community. cryptical (1985) theorized that transformational leadership comprises four dimensions individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation and idealized influence. Individualized consideration is the leaders role towards the followers and concerns their needs. The leader gives support and empathy to followers so as to motivate them to accomplish the tasks. keen stimulation is some the leaders attitude towards creativity and risks. Transformational leader s are willing to take risks and elevate followers to cypher independently and creatively. They think that the unexpected situations are the opportunity to learn. Inspiration motivation concerns the extents of leaders motivate the followers by giving them a clear vision to follow. When the followers understand the vision, they are willing to pay more exertion in completing tasks and consequently bring benefits to the team and company. idealized influence is that leaders provide a role exemplar to followers demonstrating their ability and ethics to gain respect and conceive of them.The four dimensions of transformational leadership are widely used in measuring transformational leadership. This leadership style concerns to influence followers to work break and eventually lead to intrinsic motivation towards the tasks. As this kind of leadership is always perceived as effective, it is becoming popular in the business assiduity as well as government.Female Leaders and transformati onal leadershipIt was obvious that women were not favor in filling high-altitude leadership topographic point. Gary Yukl (2010)ivsuggested that this phenomenon was due to the gender-based discrimination about men were more qualified than women for leadership roles and involves three main assumptions. These assumptions were about traits and skills required for effective leadership in organizations, about instinctive differences amid men and women, and about the appropriate behavior for men and women. These hindered women from holding important and high-level leadership position in early years.However, the portion of women in executive level is increasing in recent years. Cookburn (1991)vsuggested that stereotypes of women admit kindness, compassion, nurturing and sharing lead to a higher(prenominal) concern for women regarding interpersonal kind and consensus grounding. These unique characteristics bring women to high-level positions in company. And also due to these special at tributes, women are more likely to choose transformational leadership style.Women are always surd at showing the individualized consideration to followers. As they concern the interrelationship amid people, they will undoubtedly show their support and empathy to the subordinates for the benefit of themselves and the whole team. The evidence is given by Eagly Johannessen-Schmidt (2002)vithat women were rated higher than men in most aspects of transformational leadership. As a result, women using transformational leadership style are perceived easier to bring to the success of teams.TrustTrust in the midst of leader and subordinate is a key section of a team success. Rousseau, Sitkin, Burt, Camerer (1998)viidefined trust as a psychological state comprising the intention to support the vulnerability based upon positive expectations of the intentions or behavior of another. Trust is important in some perspectives like reduction of harmful conflict and promotion of effective respo nses to crisis (Rousseau et al. 1998). For a company, it is crucial for employees trust in the leader in explaining the visions and motivates employees to support the organization (Howarth, Rafferty, 2009)viii. Moreover, some studies (Sandy, Uma 1994 Perry, Mankin, 2004)ixxindicated that the gender of leaders and subordinates is an important factor in perceived behavior. Therefore, understanding the trusting behavior of subordinates to a women leader can help on the better development of team and company.Trust and genderThe difference between women and men in interdependence is that women are more relationally interdependent while men are more collectively interdependent (Gabriel Gardner, 1999)xi. The article states that women mall more emphasis on relationships and interpersonal connections, while men are more likely to evince more depersonalized group memberships and the importance of group identity. This can attribute to the nature and way of bringing up of women. Women are always by nature more sociable. They are more removed and protected than are men from many of the unpleasant aspects of human nature (Wrightsman, 1974)xii. They are brought up with more concern about care and built up good relationship with others. This socialization process trains women to assume the best or to think well of people. So, as a result, women consider the relationship with people more than men do.In some studies (Schwieren and Sutter, 2004xiii Slonim, 2004xiv), the difference of trusting behavior between men and women is not significant. In a trust game by Eckel and Wilson (2004)xv, the result indicated that women trust less than men. But this is limited for the decisions made during the game. In standard condition, the gender has no effects on trust. Nevertheless, it can be deduced that women will trust the individuals with good relationship. They think that the one they rely on will act for the best of them. However, Maddux and Brewer (2005)xvistated that although women may induct actually trusted the relationship target more than men, they are less likely to make notional decision. That is, from the decision point of view, women will not take the risk and rather choose a preventive option. This is not related to the matter of trust.Trust and transformational leadershipThe basic theory of transformational leadership posits trust as a central feature of the relationship that leaders have with their followers, and assume that it is through the followers trust in their leader (Bennis Nanus, 1985)xvii. This behavior of trust motivates the followers to perform better and beyond the expectations. In recent meta-analysis on trust and leadership, Dirks Ferrin (2002)xviiireported that the transformational leadership is a strongly predictive of trust. The evidences are given by other researchers (Bennis et al. 1985 Butler, Cantrell, Flick, 1999xix Conger, Kanungo, Menon, 2000xx).Back to the four dimensions of transformational leadership, the res earchers (Bennis et al. 1985 Butler et al. 1999 Conger et al. 2000) found that they all enhance trust between leaders and subordinates. Individualized consideration concerns about communication between leader and subordinates, understanding of needs and capabilities and growth subordinates strengths, which can demonstrate the care of leader about them. As a consequence, trust will build between both parties. Intellectual stimulation reinforces the leaders commitment to the development of the subordinates as well as the team, hence trust is built. Leader motivates and focuses subordinates efforts on tasks and goal, which is considered as inspirational motivation, can increase the trust level of both sides. Finally, idealized influence of leader shows the integrity and competence. Subordinates rely on the behaviors of leader and determine whether their leader is trustworthy. So, in general, transformational leaders are always perceived as trustworthy and easy to gain trust from subor dinates.Impact of trust and women transformational leaders on team effectivenessTrust in the leader is associated with the effort employees put into work (Dirks, Ferrin. 2002)xxi. The more effort employees put into work can be regarded as higher effectiveness of the leader. Gomez Rosen (2001)xxiireported that team members trust in their leader would be positively associated with the perceptions of leaders effectiveness. Therefore, the higher degree of trust on the leader, the better effectiveness them team will be.Women as leaders are always perceived as less effective than men (Eagly, Karau, Makhijani, 1995)xxiii. Eagly et al. (1995) found that male managers were more effective than women managers in positions that required strong task skills, while women managers were more effective in positions that required strong interpersonal skills. This finding is consistent with the previous statement of Wrightman (1974) that women are strong at and concern relationship with people. It ca n be predicted that for a position that required strong interpersonal skills and a female transformational leader has good relationship with subordinates, the trusting behavior will enhance the team effectiveness.